Advances in Theoretical Hydrology

About this book

This festschrift containing sixteen invited essays and papers is a tribute to the distinguished Irish hydrologist, James Dooge, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. His former students, colleagues and friends in fourteen countries, have provided a varied selection on his favourite topics: flow in open channels and unsaturated soil, and also from his major interest of recent years, large scale hydrology and global change. The book has three sections. The first section on hydrological processes contains six papers. The second section on large scale hydrology has four papers. Six historical, reflective and philosophical essays on the past and future of the hydrological sciences form the third section of the book.

Contents

Preface. List of Contributors. Part A. Hydrological Processes. 1. Doogeology - Linear Theory of Open Channel Flow (J.J. Napiorkowski). Abstract. Introduction. Linearization of the St. Venant Equations. Solution for Finite Channel Reach. The Generalized Linear Channel Response. Simplified Forms of St. Venant Equations. Conclusions. References. 2. Analytical and Numerical Modelling of Unsaturated Flow (Q.J. Wang). Abstract. Introduction. Physics of Soil Moisture Flow. Reduced Form of Richards' Equation. Closed Form Solutions for Constant D and Linear K * Model. Effect of Assumptions on D and K * Functions. A Proposed Hybrid Solution Scheme for Future Research. References. 3. The Hydrology of Milled Peat Production (J.P. O'Kane). Abstract. Introduction. The Peat-Water System. Water Movement in a Peat Column. Boundary Conditions at the Pedon Scale. The Drying of a Layer of Milled Peat. Conclusions. Acknowledgements. References. 4. Role of Active-Passive Scalar Relationships in Evaporation from Vegetated Surfaces (G.A. McBean). Abstract. Introduction. Efficiency of Evaporation. Concept of Active and Passive Scalars. Impact of K E /K H Ratio on Traditional Methods of Estimating Evaporation from Vegetated Surfaces. Concluding Remarks. References. 5. On the Weights of Precipitation Stations (M. Sugawara). Abstract. The Thiessen Polygon Method is Illogical. Weights Should be Determined Considering the Reliability of Observed Data. Weights of Precipitation Stations Should be Determined to Obtain Good Results in Discharge Calculation or Flood Forecasting. How to Determine the Weights of Precipitation Stations. The Problem. The Singular Matrix ( A ij ). The Method of Principal Axis Transformation. Factor Analysis. Orthogonal Expansion of the Runoff. The Precipitation Weights. The Determination of the Cut-Off Point k 1 . References. 6. A Neyman-Scott Shot Noise Model for the Generation of Daily Streamflow Time Series (P.S.P. Cowpertwait, P.E. O'Connell). Abstract. Introduction. Definition of a Second Order Neyman-Scott Shot Noise (NSSN) Model. Some Moments of the Neyman-Scott Shot Noise Model. Some Special Cases. Fitting the NSSN Model to Historical Daily Flows. Model Validation. Discussion and Epilogue. Acknowledgements. References. Part B. Large-Scale Hydrology. 7. Criteria for a Hydrologically Sound Structuring of Large Scale Land Surface Process Models (A. Becker). Abstract. Introduction. Scales in Hydrology and Related Categories of Hydrological Models. Critical Concepts in Macroscale Hydrological Modelling at Land Surfaces. Hydrologically Sound Structuring of Macroscale Models. Basic Types of Areal Heterogeneity at Land Surfaces and Assessment of Landscape Patchiness. Hierarchy in the Areal Discretization of Land Surfaces for Modelling. Criteria to Delineate Zones of Uniform Climate Forcing. References. 8. The Construction of Continental Scale Models of the Terrestrial Hydrological Cycle: An Analysis of the State of-the-Art and Future Prospects (L.S.

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