Air Bubble Entrainment in Free-Surface Turbulent Shear Flows

About this book

This book develops an analysis of the air entrainment processes in free-surface flows. These flows are investigated as homogeneous mixtures with variable density. Several types of air-water free-surface flows are studied: plunging jet flows, open channel flows, and turbulent water jets discharging into air. Experimental observations reported by the author confirm the concept that the air-water mixture behaves as a homogeneous compressible fluid in each case. This book will be of great interest to professionals working in many fields of engineering: chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical, mining, metallurgy, and nuclear. It covers new information on the air-water flow field: air bubble distributions, air-water velocity profiles, air bubble sizes and bubble-turbulence interactions. It features new analysis is developed for each flow configuration and compared successfully with model and prototype data. It includes over 372 references and more than 170 figures with over 60 photographs. It presents useful information for design engineers and research-and-development scientists who require a better understanding of the fluid mechanics of air-water flows.

Contents

PART I: Introduction: Mechanisms of Air Bubble Entrainment. Similitude and Experimental Studies. Air-Water Gas Transfer. PART II: Plunging Jet Flows: Presentation. Air Entrainment by Plunging Jets. Air Entrainment in Hydraulic Jumps. Air Entrainment in Plunging Jet Flows: Related Cases and Gas Transfer. PART III: Self Aerated Open Channel Flows: Self-Aerated Flows - Presentation. Air Entrainment in Steep Chute Flows. Air Entrainment in Small-Slope Waterways. Air Entrainment in Partially-filled Conduits. Air Entrainment in Open Channels: Discussion. PART IV: High-Velocity Water Jets and Related Air-Water Flows: Introduction to High-Velocity Water Jets Discharging into the Atmosphere. Air Entrainment in High-Velocity Water Jets. Ventilated Cavity Flows. Spillway Application: Aeration Devices. Part V: Summary and Conclusion. Appendices. Subject Index. Author Index.

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Biography

Hubert Chanson is a reader in fluid mechanics, hydraulics and waterengineering at the University of Queensland, Australia. His research interests include hydraulic engneering, design of hydraulic structures, two-phase gas-liquid flows, mixing and dispersion in coastal and estuarine zones. He has had over 200 international refereed papers, written 7 books and has been an active consultant for both governmental agencies and private organizations.