Air-Sea Exchange: Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics

About this book

This book is the first to introduce a multi-disciplinary approach to extending our understanding of air-sea interaction, where the atmospheric boundary layer, ocean mixed layer dynamics, and surface are collectively treated with their physical, chemical and biological components. The theme behind the book is `high resolution', where the general assumptions behind scaling theories are often violated and new approaches and paradigms must be sought. Much of the research presented herein is based on theoretical advances during the past decade, and special emphasis is given to field results of the marine boundary layer experiments carried out during the period 1993-1996 west of California and in the seas of northern Europe. Given the nature of the subject, the material presented will be valuable for boundary layer modellers, climate dynamicists, geophysicists, and engineers specializing in platform design and energy, among others. This book may also serve as an advanced university text for use either in the classroom, or as a reference for the research or operational specialist.

Contents

Preface. 1. Historical Perspective; G.L. Geernaert. 2. Theory of air-sea momentum, heat and gas fluxes; G.L. Geernaert. 3. The leading edge of turbulence instrumentation; S. Oncley. 4. Dynamical coupling of surface waves with the atmosphere; V.K. Makin, V.N. Kudryavtsev. 5. Effect of surface gravity waves on near-surface atmospheric turbulence; T. Hara, et al. 6. The budget of turbulence kinetic energy in the marine atmospheric surface layer; J.M. Wilczak, et al. 7. The marine atmospheric boundary layer during swell, according to recent studies in the Baltic Sea; A. Smedman, et al. 8. Flux measurements at the Noordwijk Platform; W. Oost. 9. Exchange measurements above the air-sea interface using an aircraft; C.A. Vogel, T.L. Crawford. 10. The coastal zone; L. Mahrt. 11. Footprints of atmospheric phenomena in synthetic aperture radar image of the ocean surface: a review; P.D. Mourad. 12. The droplets produced by individual bubbles bursting on a sea water surface; D.E. Spiel. 13. Sea spray production and influence on air-sea heat and moisture fluxes over the open ocean; E.L. Andreas, J. Decosmo. 14. Modelling the interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and evaporating sea spray droplets; J. Kepert, et al. 15. Physical and chemical processes governing fluxes and flux divergence of gaseous ammonia and nitric acid in the marine atmospheric boundary layer; L.L. Sorensen. 16. Engineering spectra over water; J. Mann. 17. Identifying coherent structures in the marine atmospheric boundary layer; H. Shirer, et al. 18. Turbulent fluxes and coherent structures in marine boundary layers: investigations by large-eddy simulation; J.C. McWilliams, P.P. Sullivan. 19. Doppler sonar observations of Langmuir circulation; J.A. Smith. 20. Future directions; G.L. Geernaert. Index.

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