This book brings together, for the first time, all known information on the 51 genera and 1095 described Neotropical species of biting midges. An overview of the group includes a discussion of bionomics, adaptations of the various life stages, habitats, their ecological roles (including disease transmission), collecting and preparation techniques, zoogeography and classification. A key to adults (including males) provides the first key to all the genera of this region. Limited keys to eggs and larvae are presented. Keys are written in both English and Spanish. A table of all previous descriptions of immatures and a catalog of all Neotropical species is included.