Aquatic Mesocosm Studies in Ecological Risk Management

About this book

A Special Publication of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)

Aquatic Mesocosm Studies in Ecological Risk Assessment discusses the methods currently used for conducting simulated field studies and provides a series of case histories in which mesocosm type studies have been used to assess the impact of pesticides on aquatic ecosystems. Specific chapters address the dosing and exposure components of such studies and how they influence experimental design. Advantages and disadvantages of various statistical designs are addressed in detail. Regulatory aspects of the design and interpretation of these studies are also covered. Aquatic Mesocosm Studies in Ecological Risk Management will be a superb reference for aquatic biologists, ecologists, toxicologists, environmental toxicologists, environmental chemists, and regulatory personnel.

Contents

- Introduction

Introduction and the Regulatory Background: Introduction
- Mesocosms in Risk Assessment
- EPA Mesocosm Study Review
- Regulatory Endpoints and the Experimental Design of Aquatic Mesocosm
- Simulated or Actual Field Testing: A Comparison
- Contaminant Effects in Marine/Estuarine Systems: Field Studies and Scaled
- Summary and Discussion

Design of Mesocosm Studies and Statistical Analysis of Data: Introduction
- Test of Proportional Means for Mesocosm Studies
- Design and Statistical Analysis of Field Aquatic Mesocosm
- Ecological Development and Biometry of Untreated Pond Mesocosms
- Applying Concentration-Response Theory to Experimental Design of Aquatic Enclosure Studies
- Optimal Design of Aquatic Field Studies
- Summary and Discussion

Management and Treatment of Mesocosms: Introduction
- Sediment Transfer and Representativeness of Mesocosm Test Fauna
- Spray Drift and Runoff Simulations of Foliar-Applied Pyrethroids to Aquatic Mesocosms: Rates, Frequencies and Methods
- Extrapolating Effects from Mesocosm Test to Aquatic Ecosystems: Limits to Interpretation
- Impact of 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol on Plankton Communities in Limnocorrals
- Summary and Discussion

Scaling: Introduction
- Fate and Biological Effects of a Herbicide on Two Artificial Pond Ecosystems of Different Size
- Earthen Ponds vs
- Fiberglass Tanks as Venues for Assessing the Impact of Pesticides on Aquatic Environments: A Parallel Study with Sulprofos
- Fate and Effects of Cyfluthrin (Pyrethroid Insecticide) in Pond Mesocosms and Concrete
- Pyrethroid Insecticide Effects on Bluegill Sunfish in Microcosms Mesocosms and Bluegill Impact on Microcosm Fauna
- Summary and Discussion

Case Histories: Introduction
- Lambda-Cyhalothrin: A Mesocosm Study of its Effects on Aquatic Organisms
- Fate and Effects of GUTHION in Mesocosms
- Evaluation of the Ecological and Biological Effects of Tralomethrin Utilizing an Experimental Pond System
- Response of Zooplankton to Dursban 4E Insecticide in a Pond Experiment
- Algal Periphyton Structure and Function in Response to Consumer Chemicals in Stream Mesocosms
- Summary and Discussion

Ecosystem Analysis: Introduction
- Aquatic Mesocosms in Ecological Effects Testing: Detecting Direct and Indirect Effects of Pesticides
- On the Use of Ecosystem Stability Measurements in Ecological Effects
- Structural Equation Modeling and Ecosystem
- The Ecotoxic Effects of Atrazine on Aquatic Ecosystems: An Assessment of Direct and Indirect Effects Using Structural Equation Modelling
- Summary and Discussion

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