Environmental Coastal Regions

About this book

The First International Conference on Coastal Environment had its origins in the State of Rio de Janeiro's desire to protect the environmental quality of its coastal region, and in particular its coastline, against the threat of rapid development. Held in 1996, the Conference provided a forum for the discussion of a range of air, sea and soil contamination problems and encouraged a better understanding of the type of remedial action required. In particular, it focussed on the development of computer models for coastal regions, highlighting those that could reproduce not only normal behaviour but also extreme conditions. The success of this first Conference led to the decision to reconvene the meeting, and the Second International Conference on Environmental Problems in Coastal Regions took place in Cancun, Mexico in September 1998. A substantial number of delegates from many different countries attended, and this book features a selection of their papers, classified under the following headings: * Environmental Impact Assessment * Coastal Management * Remote Sensing * Atmospheric Pollution * Water Pollution * Pollution Transport and Dispersion * Hydrodynamic Pollutant Transport Modelling * Coastal Structures * Groundwater Studies * Siltation and Dredging.

Contents

SECTION 1: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Rare and endangered vascular plants of North Carolina's Outer Banks, Emerald Island to Virginia : a case for conservation and preservation; The impact of mercury mining on the Gulf of Trieste; Environmental impact assessments and legislation - Jamaica's way to protect its coastal zone; A new EIA method applied on coastal reclamation projects; Using ecological models to plan and monitor coastal reclamation projects; An expert system for marine environmental monitoring in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Florida Bay; Risk assessment due to water rise of the Caspian Sea coastal area; A two-case study on the environmentally-induced damage to materials in marine environments - part 1: Metallic materials; A two-case study on the environmentally-induced damage to materials in marine environments - part 2: Geomaterials. SECTION 2: COASTAL MANAGEMENT Shoreline erosion management program for Rosarito Beach, Baja California, Mexico; A digital elevation model of sections of the UK intertidal zone from the integration of satellite imagery and ocean height modelling. SECTION 3: REMOTE SENSING Monitoring of coastal waters of the Baltic Sea by airborne imaging spectrometer AISA; Study of the land-sea interface in the Barcelona area with lidar data and meteorological models; Fluorescence bands from georeferenced LIDAR spectra of marine water mapped as RGB images. SECTION 4: ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION Fraction of the overall ozone levels explained by meteorological variables in the Bilbao area; Fog formation prediction in coastal regions using data mining techniques; Estimation of acidifying desposition in Europe due to inter national shipping emissions in the North Sea and the North East Atlantic Ocean; Alternative models for the disposal of flue gases in deep sea. SECTION 5: WATER POLLUTION Prevention of hydrocarbons sea pollution: sensitivity index maps for the Venice Lagoon as integral component of oil-spill contingency planning and response; Evaluation of sewage outfalls by using tracer techniques combined with oceanographics measurements; Interactions between dissolved phosphorus and suspended sediments in a tropical estuary; Acoustical response of phytoplanktonic volume scatterers at ultrasonic frequencies as an indicator of pollution in sea waters; Assessment of natural radioactivity in the marine environment in Croatia; Eutrophication modelling of a tidally influenced mangrove area in Bali subject to major dredging and reclamation activities. SECTION 6: POLLUTANT TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION Climate change and coastal zone: the importance of atmospheric pollutant transport; A high-accuracy approach for modeling flow-dominated transport. SECTION 7: HYDRODYNAMIC POLLUTANT TRANSPORT MODELLING Two- and three-dimensional modelling of mercury transport in the Gulf of Trieste; Nonlinear model of random wave load on pipelines; Optimal estimation of concentrations in particle-type transport models; Physical modelling of the hydrodynamics around a group of offshore structures; A Lagrangian 3D numerical model of pollutant dispersion in coastal waters; Analysis of the hydrodynamical and physico-chemical behaviour of a natural wetland in the Lagoon of Venice; Activity distribution of fission products in the surface water of the Adriatic Sea. SECTION 8: COASTAL STRUCTURES Investigation of influences of very large floating structures on exchange of sea water; A study of anoxic water structures generated in deep bay enclosed by tsunami breakwaters. SECTION 9: GROUNDWATER STUDIES Preliminary signals of groundwater contamination of stressed coastal aquifers: The case of the Eastern Mediterranean groundwater basins; Numerical modelling and management of saltwater seepage from coastal brackish canals in south-east Florida; Cyclic movement of water particles in a coastal aquifer. SECTION 10: SILTATION AND DREDGING Sediment resuspension in hurricane conditions; Modelling of the sediment transport at the Belgian coast.

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