Environmental Modelling with GIS

About this book

Based on a 1991 international conference, this book is aimed at those with GIS experience who need to know more about environmental modelling, and at environmental modellers who want to know more about GIS, its advantages, and its problems.

Contents

PART I: SIX INTRODUCTORY PERSPECTIVES; 1. Environmental Research: What We Must Do; 2. The State of GIS for Environmental Problem-Solving; 3. A Perspective on the State of Environmental Simulation Modeling; 4. The Need for Integration; 5. GIS and Environmental Modeling; 6. The Role of Software Vendors in Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling; PART II: GIS FOR MODELERS; Introduction; 7. Cartographic Modeling: The Analytical Capabilities of GIS; 8. Understanding the Scope of GIS: Its Relationship to Environmental Modeling; 9. Data Models and Data Quality: Problems and Prospects; PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL SIMULATION MODELING; Introduction; IIIA: ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; 10. Atmospheric Modeling and Its Spatial Representation of Land Surface Characteristics; 11. An Approach to Bridge the Gap Between Microscale Land-Surface Processes and Synoptic-Scale Meteorological Conditions Using Atmospheric Models and GIS: Potential for Applications in Agriculture; 12. Land Surface Data: Global Climate Modeling Requirements; 13. Regional Air Quality and Acid Deposition Modeling and the Role for Visualization; IIIB: HYDROLOGICAL MODELING; 14. GIS and Hydrologic Modeling; 15. Integrated Use of a GIS and 3-Dimensional, Finite-Element Model: San Gabriel Basin Groundwater Flow Analyses; 16. Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Gunnison River Basin, Colorado; 17. Linkage of a GIS to a Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Model; 18. Graphical Innovations in Surface Water Flow Analysis; IIIC: LAND SURFACE-SUBSURFACE PROCESS MODELING; 19. GIS and Land Surface-Subsurface Modeling; 20. A Spatial Decision Support System for Modeling and Managing Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution; 21. Use of 3D Geographic Information Systems in Hazardous Waste Site Investigations; IIID: BIOLOGICAL/ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS MODELING; 22. Spatial Models of Ecological Systems and Processes: The Role of GIS; 23. Integrating a Forest Growth Model with a Geographic Information System; 24. Combining Ecological Modeling, GIS and Expert Systems: A Case Study of Regional Fish Species Richness Model; 25. Introduction to Quantitative Methods and Modeling in Community, Population and Landscape Ecology; IIIE: INTEGRATED MODELING; 26. Spatial Interactive Models of Atmosphere/Ecosystem Coupling; 27. A Brief Review of the Simple Biosphere Model (SiB); 28. Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys): An Illustration of the Integration of Ecosystem Models in a GIS; 29. Simulation of Rangeland Production: Future Applications in Systems Ecology; PART IV: FROM MODELING TO POLICY; Introduction; IVA: RISK AND HAZARD MODELING; 30. GIS and Risk: A Three Culture Problem; 31. Spatial Analysis in GIS for Hazard Assessment; 32. The Use of GIS in Assessing Exposure and Remedial Alternatives at Superfund Sites; 33. US EPA Region 6 Comparative Risk Project: Evaluating Ecological Risk; IVB: ROLE OF MODELING IN POLICY; 34. Models, Facts and the Policy Process: The Political Ecology of Estimated Truth; PART V: SPATIAL DATABASE RESOURCES; Introduction; 35. Spatial Databases: Sources and Issues; 36. What is a Scientific Database? Design Considerations for Global Characterization in the NOAA-EPA Global Ecosystems Database Project; 37. Experimental AVHRR Land Datasets for Environmental Monitoring and Modeling; 38. Digital Soils Databases for the United States; 39. Development of a Continent-Wide Digital Elevation Model (DEM) With Applications to Terrain and Climate Analysis; PART VI: SPATIAL STATISTICS (CO-EDITED WITH D. WHITE AND N. CRESSIE); Introduction; 40. Spatial Statistical Analysis of Environmental and Ecological Data; 41. Geostatistics: A Tool for Environmental Modelers; 42. Explanatory Models for Ecological Response Surfaces; 43. Spatial Simulation: Environmental Applications; 44. GRASS Used in the Geostatistical Analysis of Lakewater Data form the Eastern Lake Survey, Phase I; 45. Universal Kriging for Ecological Data; 46. Discrete Space Auto-Regressive Models; 47. Probability Sampling and Population Inference in Monitoring Programs; Epilogue

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