Presents a wide spectrum of views and issues involved in the ever expanding debates about evolution. It includes extracts which look at the roles of mutations, inbreeding, crossbreeding, and gene selection; the puzzle of sex; the evolutionary consequences of being a plant; and the means of measuring time by using molecular clocks. With articles by Darwin, Fisher, Haldane, Dawkins, Gould, and Medawar, amongst others, this reader offers a combination of classic accounts and modern research. The second edition includes a new section on evolution and development and evolutionary genomics offering a fresh illustration of developments within this emergent field.
INTRODUCTION; A. FROM DARWIN TO THE MODERN SYNTHESIS; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 1. Darwin, C. (1858) Extract from an unpublished work on species; 2. Darwin, C. (1858) Abstract of a letter from C. Darwin, Esq., to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, U.S.A; 3. Maynard Smith, J. (1987) Weismann and modern biology; 4. Fisher, R. A. (1930) The nature of inheritance; 5. Wright, S. (1932) The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding, and selection in evolution; 6. Haldane, J. B. S. (1949) Disease and evolution; B. NATURAL SELECTION AND RANDOM DRIFT IN POPULATIONS; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 7. Kettlewell, H. B. D. (1958) A resume of investigations of the evolution of melanism in the Lepidoptera; 8. Cook, L. M; Dennis, R. L. H; & G. S. Mani (1999). Melanic morph frequency in the peppered moth in the Manchester area; 9. Karn, M. N. & Penrose, L. S. (1951) Birth weight and gestation time in relation to infant survival; 10. Ulizzi, L. & Terrenato, L. (1992) Natural selection associated with birth weight. VI. Towards the end of the stabilizing component; 11. Gibbs, H. L & Grant, P. R. (1987) Oscillating selection on Darwin's finches; 12. Lewontin, R. C. The paradox of variation; 13. Kimura, M. Recent developments of the neutral theory; C. ADAPTATION; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 14. Fisher, R. A. (1930). The nature of adaptation; 15. Williams, G. C. (1966). Adaptation and natural selection; 16. Grafen, A. (1986). Adaptation versus selection in progress; 17. Reeve, H. K. & Sherman, P. W. (1991). An operational, nonhistorical definition of adaptation; 18. Orr, H. A. & Coyne, J. The genetics of adaptation: a reassessment; 19. Cain, A. J. (1964). The perfection of animals; 20. Gould, S. J. & Lewontin, R. C. (1979). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme; D. SPECIATION AND BIODIVERSITY; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 22. Mayr, E. Typological v population thinking; 23. Mayr, E. Species concepts and their application; 24. Darwin, C. (1859) The sterility of hybrids; 25. Dobzhansky, T. (1970). Reproductive isolation as a product of genetic divergence and natural selection; 26. Rice, W. R. & Hostert, E. E. Laboratory experiments on speciation: what have we learned in 40 years?; 27. Coyne, J. H. & Orr, H. A. (2000). The evolutionary genetics of speciation; 28. Schluter, D. (2000) Ecological basis of postmating isolation; 29. Grant, V. Hybrid speciation; E. MACROEVOLUTION; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 30. Erwin, D. H. & Anstey, R. L. (1995) Speciation in the fossil record; 31. De Beer, G. R. (1971). Homology: an unsolved problem; 32. Dawkins, R. (1996). The ey gene; 33. Dickinson, W. J. (1995) Molecules and morphology: where's the homology?; 34. Haeckel, E. (1905) The fundamental law of organic evolution; 35. Garstang, W. (1951) Three poems; F. EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICS; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 36. Ochman, H; Lawrence, J. G; & Groisman, E. A. (2000). Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation; 37. Vision, T. J; Brown, D. G; & Tanksley, S. D. (2000). The origins of genomic duplications in Arabidopsis; 38. Humans, M. Ridley; 39. Raff, R. A. (1996). Co-option of eye structures and genes; 40. Benner, S. A; Caraco, M. D; Thomson, J. M; & Gaucher, E. A. (2002). Planetary biology - paleontological, geological, and molecular histories of life; G. THE HISTORY OF LIFE; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 42. Schopf, J. W. (1994). Disparate rates, differing fates: tempo and mode of evolution changed from the Precambrian to the Phanerozoic; 43. Cooper, A. & Fortey, R. (1998). Evolutionary explosions and the phylogenetic fuse; 44. Dilcher, D. (2000). Major evolutionary trends in the angiosperm fossil record; H. CASE STUDIES; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 45. Medawar, P. B. (1951) An unsolved problem in biology; 46. Crick , F. H. C. (1968). The origin of the genetic code; 47. Maynard Smith, J. (1971) The origin and maintenance of sex; 48. Janzen, D. H. (1983) A caricature of seed dispersal by animal guts; 49. Nilsson, D-E. & Pelger, S. (1994). A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve; 50. Sniegowski, P. D; Gerrish, P. J; Johnson, T.. & Shaver, A. (2000). The evolution of mutation rates; J. HUMAN EVOLUTION; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 51. Sarich, V. & Wilson, A. C. (1967) Immunological time scale for hominid evolution; 52. King, M-C. & Wilson, A. C. (1975). Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees; 53. Britton, R. J. (2002). Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels; 54. Muller, H. J. (1950). Our load of mutations; 55. Livingstone. F. B. (1962). On the non-existence of human races; 56. Krogman, W. M. (1951). The scars of human evolution; 57. Pinker, S. (1994). The big bang; K. EVOLUTION AND HUMAN AFFAIRS; SECTION INTRODUCTION; 58. Antolin, M. F. & Herbers, J. M. (2001). Evolution's struggle for existence in America's public schools; 59. Dobzhansky, T. (1973). Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution; 60. Hume, D. The argument from design; 61. Monod, J. (1974). On the molecular theory of evolution; 62. Huxley, T. H. (1893). Evolution and ethics; 63. Palumbi, S. (2001) Humans as the world's greatest evolutionary force; BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES; SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; INDEX