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The Ecuadorean members of the Rubiaceae tribes Cinchoneae, Calycophylleae, Hillieae, and Coptosapelteae are revised. Thirteen genera with a total of 56 species are recorded, viz. in the Cinchoneae Capirona (1 sp.), Cinchona (12), Ferdinandusa (3), Joosia (6), Ladenbergia (9), Macrocnemum (2), Stilpnophyllum (3), and Remijia (3); in the Calycophylleae Alseis (2) and Calycophyllum (2); in the Hillieae Cosmibuena (2) and Hillia (9); in the Coptosapelteae Uncaria (2). Eight species are described as new, viz. Alseis Lugonis L. ANDERSS., Cinchona Capuli L. ANDERSS., Joosia oligantha L. ANDERSS., Ladenbergia epiphytica L. ANDERSS., L. rubiginosa L. ANDERSS., Stilpnophyllum grandifolium L. ANDERSS., S. Oellgaardii L. ANDERSS., and S. revolutum L. ANDERSS. One new combination is made, viz. Ladenbergia oblongifolia (MUTIS) L. ANDERSS. All taxa are fully described, and keys and full specimen citations are given for all species. Selected species are illustrated.