This text is for rural development managers, whether in government or voluntary organizations, who are struggling to improve nutrition and reduce poverty in the local area for which they are responsible. It is a source book of issues, lessons from experience and practical suggestions. The focus is on local food security since it links priorities for improvement of nutrition, incomes and markets for food and essentials. The bias of the book is strongly towards participative investigations, decisions and management. The book deals with: the early participative assessment of food security and nutrition problems; improving local markets for supplies, services and finance; the managerial issue of co-operation between NGOs and governments; and the requirements for local preparedness for famine prevention. A theme interwoven through the book is the importance of raising the incomes and education of disadvantaged women as a means of improving household food security.