Aims to increase the understanding that some European farming systems are of high nature conservation and cultural value, and to develop and promote policy options which ensure the ecological maintenance and development of these farming systems and cultural landscapes. This volume continues the series on the crucial importance for wildlife of threatened low-intensity farming systems. Papers, from throughout Europe, are mainly in English, or Italian with English summaries. They include sessions on: Ecology of mountain pastures and meadows; Mountain livestock farming systems; Integrating agriculture; environment and social issues; Policy; and Valle d'Aosta and the alpeggio.