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- An updated, 3rd English edition of the most widely-cited book on quantitative analysis of multivariate ecological data. - Relates ecological questions to methods of statistical analysis, with a clear description of complex numerical methods. - All methods are illustrated by examples from the ecological literature so that ecologists clearly see how to use the methods and approaches in the book for their research. - All calculations are available in R language functions. The book describes and discusses the numerical methods which are successfully being used for analysing ecological data, using a clear and comprehensive approach. These methods are derived from the fields of mathematical physics, parametric and nonparametric statistics, information theory, numerical taxonomy, archaeology, psychometry, sociometry, econometry and others.