Ocular Radiation Risk Assessment in Populations Exposed to Environmental Radiation Contamination Proceedings of the Advanced Research Workshop, Kiev, Ukraine, 29 July - 1 August, 1997.

About this book

Several major follow-up studies are currently underway or are being planned to assess populations exposed to radiation from nuclear reactor accidents, contamination from nuclear weapons manufacturing, or fallout from nuclear testing. The data should help to define the true extent of the impact of environmental contamination; allow a better appreciation of the morbidity arising from such contamination; establish acceptable standards for ocular risk guidelines; develop a necessary database for retrospective dose reconstruction using cataract; and assess the contribution of environmental radiation exposure to the incidence of senile cataract development in general populations.Given the complexity of such studies, the potential confounders and the myriad possible methods of assessment, the global medical and scientific communities need to standardise methodologies and agree on minimum criteria to permit inter-study comparisons possible. Such standards have been developed in the present book, which presents a series of recommendations that represent the first codification of the manner in which studies should be executed. Minimum standardised criteria are given for the acquisition, archiving, evaluation and dissemination of data on the ocular risk of populations from environmental radiation exposure.

Contents

1: Ophthalmology. The Ukrainian/American Chernobyl Ocular Study; B.V. Worgul, et al. Cataractous Changes Related to Radiation and Ageing among the Atomic Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima; T. Kodama, et al. Quantification of Lens Opacities with Digital Scheimpflug Imaging; M. Froemel, et al. A Control Group for Radiation Induced Lens Opacities Using an Electronic Scheimpflug System; M. Froemel, et al. Posterior Subcapsular Cataract and Dry Eye Syndrome after Radiation Exposure by the Chernobyl Accident; A.K. Junk, et al. The Incidence of Eye Disorders among Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers; A.A. Eglite, et al. Radiation Cataracts in High Dose Liquidators Who Developed Acute Radiation Syndrome; V.G. Bebeshko, et al. Ophthalmo-Pathology in Victims of the Chernobyl Catastrophy - Results of Clinical Epidemiological Study; V. Buzunov, P. Fedirko. Condition of Eye and Parameters of Free Radical Processes in Organism in the Liquidators after the Chernobyl Accident; S.V. Sosnovsky, et al. Physical and Chemical Changes in Murine Lensat Early Stage of Cataract Development Induced by Total Gamma-Irradiation; A.I. Deyev, et al. 2: Dosimetry. Overview on Existing Approaches to Dose Reconstruction - Recommendations for the Ukrainian-American Chernobyl Ocular Study (UACOS); L.R. Anspaugh. Physical and Radiobiological Considerations in Eye Dosimetry; M.W. Charles. Dosimetry, Dose Reconstruction and Epidemiology: Lessons from Radpath, Radtest and Related Studies; L.J. Appleby, et al. Methodologies - Strengths and Weaknesses: A View on the Dosimetric Support for the Chernobyl Liquidator Eye Cataract Study; V.V. Chumak. Estimation of Environmental Burdens by Radiation: Radiological Units: From Gray to Sievert; C. Baumstark-Khan. In vitro Biocompatibility Testing of Intraocular Biomaterials; S.P. Denyer, et al. X-Ray Sensitivity and DNA Damage in Bovine Lens Epithelial Cells in Vitro; C. Baumstark-Khan, et al. Induction and Repair of DNA Strand Breaks in Bovine Lens Epithelial Cells after High Let Irradiation; C. Baumstark-Khan, et al. Laser Scanning Focal Length Variability Is a Measure of Damage in Rat Lens in Model Astronaut Cataracts Treated with Vitamin E (VE) or R-a-Lipoic Acid; V. Bantseev, et al. 3: Epidemiology. Overview of the Epidemiology of Radiation Cataracts; R.E. Shore, B.V. Worgul. Prevalence of Lens Opacity in Population with Chronic Low-Dose Gamma-Radiation Exposure from Radioactive Apartments in Taiwan; T.Y. Wang, et al. The Experiences of Surveys for an Epidemiological Database of Different Occupational Groups of Rural Workersin Ukraine; P. Vitte, Y. Kundiev. 4: Final Recommendations of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Ocular Radiation Risk Assessment in Populations Exposed to Environmental Radiation Contamination", Kiev 1997.

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