Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota Distribution, Trends and Governing Factors

About this book

More than 20 years after the ban of DDT and other organochlorine pesticides, pesticides continue to be detected in air, rain, soil, surface water, bed sediment, and aquatic and terrestrial biota throughout the world. Recent research suggests that low levels of some of these pesticides may have the potential to affect the development, reproduction, and behavior of fish and wildlife, and possibly humans. "Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota: Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors" assesses the occurrence and behavior of pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota-the two major compartments of the hydrologic system where organochlorine pesticides are most likely to accumulate.This book collects, for the first time, results from several hundred monitoring studies and field experiments, ranging in scope from individual sites to the entire nation. Comprehensive tables provide concise summaries of study locations, pesticides analyzed, and study outcomes. Comprehensive and extensively illustrated, "Pesticides in Stream Sediment and Aquatic Biota: Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors" evaluates the sources, environmental fate, geographic distribution, and long-term trends of pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota. The book focuses on organochlorine pesticides, but also assesses the potential for currently used pesticides to be found in bed sediment and aquatic biota. Topics covered in depth include the effect of land use on pesticide occurrence, mechanisms of pesticide uptake and accumulation by aquatic biota, and the environmental significance of observed levels of pesticides in stream sediment and aquatic biota.

Contents

Introduction Purpose Previous Reviews Approach Characteristics of Studies Reviewed General Design Features Geographic Distribution Temporal Distribution Sampling Matrices Target Analytes Analytical Detection Limits National Distribution and Trends Pesticide Occurrence National Pesticide Use Geographic Distribution in Relation to Use Long-Term Trends Governing Processes Pesticide Sources Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Bed Sediment Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Aquatic Biota Analysis of Key Topics - Sources, Behavior, and Transport Effect of Land Use on Pesticide Contamination Pesticide Uptake and Accumulation by Aquatic Biota Seasonal Changes in Pesticide Residues Physical and Chemical Properties of Pesticides in Sediment and Aquatic Biota Composition of Total DDT as an Indicator of DDT Sources and Period of Use Analysis of Key Topics - Environmental Significance Effects of Pesticide Contaminants on Aquatic Organisms and Fish-Eating Wildlife Effects of Pesticide Contaminants in Aquatic Biota on Human Health Summary and Conclusion Appendix A: Table 2.1 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers and estuaries in the United States: National and multistate monitoring studies Appendix B: Table 2.2 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers in the United States: State and local monitoring studies Appendix C: Table 2.3 Pesticides in bed sediment and aquatic biota from rivers in the United States: Process and matrix distribution studies Appendix D: Common Names and Taxonomic Classifications of Aquatic Organisms Sampled in the Studies Reviewed Appendix E: Glossary of Common and Chemical Names of Pesticides References Index

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