About this book
This book provides a contemporary overview of the world's oceans. It identifies and describes the various problems which continue to threaten environmental quality and biodiversity, ranging from overfishing to the complex changes which could take place as a result of global climate change.
Written by scientists working at the Greenpeace Research Laboratories at the University of Exeter in the UK, it is based upon the latest published scientific information. It draws upon the considerable and unique experience of Greenpeace as an organisation working on a diverse array of marine conservation issues at the international scale. The book is designed to serve a wide readership, both as a source of reliable information and as an introduction to the wide literature which exists on marine conservation issues. It is designed to be accessible by those pursuing academic studies as well as those with a more general interest in the factors which are shaping our oceans.
As well as identifying the many problems, the book also outlines the ways in which the foundations and building blocks for clean, healthy and biodiverse seas can be provided, especially through the development of a global network of marine reserves.
Contents
1 Biodiversity
1.1 Introduction to Biodiversity
1.2 The Deep Oceans
1.3 Biodiversity Hotspots at Sea in the Pelagic (Open Water) Zone
1.4 Coral Reefs
1.5 Mangroves
1.6 Seagrasses
2 Fisheries
2.1 Introduction
2.2 State of the World's Fish Stocks
2.3 Fishery Collapses and Declines of Marine Fish
2.4 Whaling and Declines of Cetaceans (Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises)
2.5 Fishing Methods of Concern
2.6 By-catch of Seabirds, Marine Mammals and Turtles
2.7 Towards Sustainable Fisheries
3 Aquaculture
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Negative Impacts of Aquaculture on People and on the Environment
3.3 Use of Fishmeal, Fish Oil and Low Value or 'Trash' Fish in Aquaculture Feeds, and Associated Problems
3.4 Moving Towards More Sustainable Aquaculture Feedstuffs
3.5 Moving Towards More Sustainable Aquaculture Systems
3.6 Recommendations
4 Pollution
4.1 Chemical Pollution
4.2 Radioactive Pollution
4.3 Nutrient Pollution and Marine 'Dead Zones'
4.4 Oil Pollution
4.5 Plastic Debris
5 Increasing Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Impacts on the Marine Environment
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Sea Surface Temperature Increase
5.3 Sea-Level rise
5.4 Climate Change and Fishing
5.6 Climate Change and the Arctic
5.7 Climate Change and the Antarctic
5.8 Ocean Acidification and Its Impacts on Marine Organisms
5.9 The Way Forward
6 Equity
6.1 Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (Pirate Fishing)
6.2 Tuna Ranching and Pirate Fishing: Wiping out Tuna in the Mediterranean Sea
6.3 Freedom for the Seas
6.4 Unfair Fisheries
6.5 Trade Liberalisation (Free Trade) Means Empty Oceans
6.6 Towards Sustainable Fisheries
7 Marine Reserves
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Marine Reserves Defined
7.3 Benefits of Marine Reserves
7.4 Planning of Marine Reserves
7.5 Implementation of Marine Reserves
Conclusion
Appendix
References
Index
Customer Reviews