Dynamical Biostatistical Models presents statistical models and methods for the analysis of longitudinal data. The book focuses on models for analyzing repeated measures of quantitative and qualitative variables and events history, including survival and multistate models. Most of the advanced methods, such as multistate and joint models, can be applied using SAS or R software.
Dynamical Biostatistical Models describes advanced regression models that include the time dimension, such as mixed-effect models, survival models, multistate models, and joint models for repeated measures and time-to-event data. It also explores the possibility of unifying these models through a stochastic process point of view and introduces the dynamic approach to causal inference.
Drawing on much of their own extensive research, the authors use three main examples throughout the text to illustrate epidemiological questions and methodological issues. Readers will see how each method is applied to real data and how to interpret the results.
Introduction
- General presentation of the book
- Organization of the book
- Notation
- Presentation of examples
Classical Biostatistical Models
- Inference
- Generalities on inference: the concept of model
- Likelihood and applications
- Other types of likelihoods and estimation methods
- Model choice
- Optimization algorithms
Survival Analysis
- Introduction
- Event, origin, and functions of interest
- Observation patterns: censoring and truncation
- Estimation of the survival function
- The proportional hazards model
- Accelerated failure time model
- Counting processes approach
- Additive hazards models
- Degradation models
Models for Longitudinal Data
- Linear mixed models
- Generalized mixed linear models
- Non-linear mixed models
- Marginal models and generalized estimating equations (GEE)
- Incomplete longitudinal data
- Modeling strategies
Advanced Biostatistical Models
- Extensions of Mixed Models
- Mixed models for curvilinear outcomes
- Mixed models for multivariate longitudinal data
- Latent class mixed models
Advanced Survival Models
- Relative survival
- Competing risks models
- Frailty models
- Extension of frailty models
- Cure models
Multistate Models
- Introduction
- Multistate processes
- Multistate models: generalities
- Observation schemes
- Statistical inference for multistate models observed in continuous time
- Inference for multistate models from interval-censored data
- Complex functions of parameters: individualized hazards, sojourn times
- Approach by counting processes
- Other approaches
Joint Models for Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Data
- Introduction
- Models with shared random effects
- Latent class joint model
- Latent classes versus shared random effects
- The joint model as prognostic model
- Extension of joint models
The Dynamic Approach to Causality
- Introduction
- Local independence, direct and indirect influence
- Causal influences
- The dynamic approach to causal reasoning in ageing studies
- Mechanistic models
- The issue of dynamic treatment regimes
Appendix: Software
Index
Daniel Commenges is emeritus research director at INSERM and founder of the Biostatistics Team at the University of Bordeaux. Dr. Commenges has published more than 200 papers and was editor of Biometrics and an associate editor of several other journals. His main research interests focus on statistical models in epidemiology and biology, applications of stochastic processes, statistical inference in dynamical models, and model selection.
Hélène Jacqmin-Gadda is research director at INSERM and head of the Biostatistics Team at the University of Bordeaux. Dr. Jacqmin-Gadda is a member of the International Biometrics Society and was an associate editor of Biometrics. Her research involves methods for analyzing longitudinal data and joint models in areas, including brain aging, HIV, and cancer.