Air Pollution IX

About this book

This volume contains over sixty-five state-of-the-art contributions from international scientists and researchers working on various aspects of the monitoring, simulation and management of air pollution. Emphasis is placed on the development of experimental and computational techniques which can be used as tools to aid solutions and understanding. The papers included were first presented at the ninth in a highly successful series of international conferences on this challenging problem and cover topics such as: Turbulence Modelling; Air Quality Management; Chemical Transformations; Health Problems; Aerosols and Particles; Urban Air Pollution and Transport Emissions; Pollution Engineering; Pollution Management and Control; Policy of Strategic Issues; Air Pollution Modelling; and Data Acquisition and Analysis.

Contents

Section 1: Policy of Strategic Issues Environmental litigation - air pollution models and modelers in court; Economics of integrated pollution prevention policies: introductory remarks; Integrating scientific and lay accounts of air pollution. Section 2: Air Pollution Modelling The evaluation of boundary layer parameters from elementary meteorological data over complex orography areas; Air pollution modelling with turbulence data estimated from conventional meteorological parameters in an urban tropical region; A one-dimensional model based on k-e taking into account the change in basic atmospheric flow with height and stability; Simple diagnostic expressions for the stable and unstable atmospheric boundary layer height; Applied modelling of the mixing height over heterogeneous terrain; Numerical modelling of ollution dispersion in complex terrain; Numerical simulation of atmospheric dispersion in a complex terrain with a shoreline in Korea; A new eddy diffusivity parameterisation for dispersion models: evaluation in different atmospheric conditions; Joint statistical modelling of data related to air pollution; A stochastic approach to the diffusion equation; Mixing height estimation on basis of non-local determination of static stability in an industrial region; Bayesian models of the PM10 atmospheric urban pollution; A lattice gas model for the evaluation of transport and diffusion parameters of stack emissions in air; Prediction of maximum of 24-hour average of PM10 concentrations in Santiago, Chile. Section 3: Urban Air Pollution Preliminary analysis of air quality data from large cities; Urban air quality: a comparison of the air pollution dilemmas facing urban and rural local authorities and approaches to managing them; Vehicle effects on street canyon air pollution pattern; Numerical simulation of airflow in the vicinity of several rectangular-shaped buildings and airflow and dispersion around an L-shaped building; Urban air quality simulation by multi-puff approach and optimum interpolation techniques at Shenyang (P.R. China); Photochemical smog evaluation in the area of Bologna; Study of air pollution due to industrial spots nearby the campus of Zagazig University (Egypt); Composition of coarse and fine fractions of particulate matter at an urban and a conurban site in Northern Italy; Social activities influence on the air quality in San Nicol?s City, Argentina; Indoor and outdoor aldehyde concentrations in a medium-sized French town; Formate, acetate and oxalate in black crusts on historic monuments. Section 4: Air Quality Management Emerging political and collaborative decision-making frameworks for designating air quality management areas (AQMAs) in the UK: implications for future air quality action plans (AQAPs); Multivariate statistical analysis for priority area localization in air quality management plans; Clearing the air - The IPIECA Toolkit; Emerging scientific decision-making for designating air quality management areas (AQMAs) in the United Kingdom; Air quality impacts from hazardous waste combustion at Portland Cement manufacturing plants. Section 5: Pollution Engineering An integrated system for estimating and managing road transport emissions; New technologies in urban transport: emission control techniques and strategies; Removal of complex mixtures of VOC (thinner) from waste air and establishment of the evolution of microbial consortium during biofiltration process; Experimental research on VOC treatment by biofiltration; Performance of co-current horizontal liquid jet ejector scrubber for fly ash removal; Simulation of adsorption processes in gas cleanup filters; Mercury transformation behavior on a bench-scale coal combustion furnace. Section 6: Pollution Management and Control Knocking down of fog system: new theoretical technique and experimental results; Application of system dynamics with GIS for assessing traffic emission management policy; The relationship between traffic throughput and the associated primary pollutants in Surrey; Electron beam treatment of VOCs in air. Section 7: Data Acquisition and Analysis Air pollution from oil product transit enterprises: DOAS in Riga harbour region; The development and implementation of a database driven web-enabled integrated system for air quality observation and analysis; Long-time sampling: a proposal for a new monitoring strategy; Measurement of mercury and trace element emissions from coal combustion boilers; Estimation of VOCs emission factor for semiconductor manufacturing processes; Laboratory tests for the development of a new high uptake rate passive sampler for nitrogen dioxide measurements; Geostatistical analysis of spatial and temporal ozone immission structures; Application of remote-sensing technology in atmospheric environmental assessment; Modelling air pollution in an industrial area using GIS as an assessment tool; Evaluation of PBL parameters from GPS-MET data; Trends in rural sulphur dioxide concentrations in the United Kingdom; Long-term countywide NO2 variations in Surrey; The contribution of biogenic and anthropogenic sources to NMHC levels at urban scale; Analysis of polluted ozone in a mountain area; Air quality data-base implementation by using time series statistic filling; Monitoring air quality in Paul?nia and region using a mobile station; Receptor analysis using neural networks. Section 8: Aerosols and Particles Physical and mineralogical characteristics of the atmospheric aerosol in an area near industrial activity based on mineral raw materials; Transient sulfur dioxide absorption inside a freely falling raindrop with terminal velocity; Sulfur dioxide absorption in a cloud droplet under the influence of convective flows; Acidification of growing cloud droplet by absorption of SO2(g); Performance characterization of the portable miniVOL particulate matter sampler.

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