Chemicals in the Environment Fate, Impacts, and Remediation

About this book

Provides a broad review of metals and organic compounds in the environment, focusing on three areas: the fate and transport of chemicals in soil, sediment, water, and air; the environmental impacts of chemicals on the environment, wildlife and humans; and the remediation, methodologies and applications of chemicals in the environment.

Contents

Preface; 1. Chemicals in the Environment: An Overview; PART 1: FATE AND TRANSPORT IN SOIL/SEDIMENT, WATER, AND AIR; 2. Theoretical Evaluation of the Interfacial Area between Two fluids in a Model Soil; 3. A Historical Perspective of Natural Attenuation Processes in the Subsurface Environment; 4. The Speciation of Phosphonate Chelating Agents in Aqueous Media; 5. Effects of Soil/Sediment Organic Matter on the Mineralization, Desorption, Sequestration, and Transformation of Phenanthrene; 6. Reductive Transformation of Halogenated Aliphatic Pollutants by Iron Sulfide; 7. Non-particle Resuspension Chemical transport from Stream Beds; 8. Development of the Speciation-Based Metal Exposure and Transformation Assessment Model (META4): Application to Copper and Zinc Problems in the Alamosa River, Colorado; 9. Transport and Transformation Processes; 10. Assessing Atrazine Input and Removal Processes in the Chesapeake Bay Environment; 11. The Urban Atmosphere: An Important Source of Trace Metals to nearby Waters?; 12. Speciation and Distribution of Atmospheric Mercury over the Northern Chesapeake Bay; 13. Atmospheric and Fluvial Sources of Trace Elements to the Delaware Inland Bays; PART 2: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MONITORING; 14. Development and Application of Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Guidelines (ESGs) in the Assessment of Sediment PAH Contamination; 15. Small Volume Sampling and GC/MS Analysis for PAH Concentrations in Water above Contaminated Sediments; 16. Highly Sensitive Assay for Anticholinesterase Compounds Using 96 Well Plate Format; 17. Temporal and Spatial Variation in Monitoring of Ambient Urban Pollutants; 18. Trophic Transport of Metals in Birds; 19. Genetic Diversity Provides a Useful Measure of Environmental Impacts; 20. Plant Biomonitors: Pollution, Dandelions, and Mutation Rates; 21. Molecular Indentification of Chironomid Species; PART 3: REMEDIATION; 22. Integrating Site Characterization with Aquifer and Soil Remediation Design; 23. Mechanisms Controlling Halocarbon Reduction Rates by Zero Valent Iron; 24. Heavy Metal Removal Using Bacteria Displaying Synthetic Phytochelatins; 25. Solvated Electron (Na/NH3) Dechlorination of Model Compounds and Remediation of PCB- and CAH-Contaminated Wet Solids; 26. Electrochemical Dechlorination of Trichloroethylene Using Granular-Graphite Electrodes; 27. Influence of Nonionic Surfactants on the Bioavailability of Hexachlorobenzene fo Microbial Reductive Dechlorination

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