Pollutant Effects in Fresh Waters Applied Limnology

About this book

Provides a practical and concise introduction to the ecological consequences of water pollution in aquatic ecosystems. In tackling the problem of water quality deterioration, the authors synthesise the limnological and water pollution literature to describe how pollutants in wastewater affect populations of organisms in freshwater environments.

Contents

Part One General Concepts of Aquatic Ecosystems. 1 Ecosystem function and management. 1.1 Ecosystem composition and energy sources. 1.2 Energy flow and nutrient cycling. 1.3 Efficiency of energy and nutrient use. 1.4 Management of ecosystems. 2 Standing crop, productivity and growth limitation. 2.1 Pyramid of biomass. 2.2 Productivity. 2.3 Efficiency of energy transfer. 2.4 Population growth and limitation. 3 Hydrographic characteristics. 3.1 Types of flow. 3.2 Boundary layers. 3.3 Physical factors controlling wastewater distribution. 3.4 Density effects. 3.5 Density currents. 3.6 Thermal properties of lakes. 3.7 Origin of lakes. 3.8 Thermal cycle in a typical mid-latitude regime. 3.9 Classification of lakes by temperature regime. 3.10 Water movements. 3.11 Seiches. 3.12 Surface waves. 3.13 Wind-driven currents. 3.14 Tidal effects. 3.15 Water movements in large lakes. 3.16 Thermal bar. 3.17 Measurement of water movements. 3.18 Dispersal processes. 3.19 Sedimentation. 4 Nutrient Cycles. 4.1 Phosophorus. 4.2 Nitrogen. 4.3 Sulphur. 4.4 Carbon. 5 Characteristics of pollutants. 5.1 Domestic sources. 5.2 Urban runoff. 5.3 Industrial wastes. 5.4 Agricultural wastes. 5.5 Biological pollution. Part Two Effects of Pollutants in Standing Water. 6 Phytoplankton. 6.1 Seasonal pattern. 6.2 Population growth kinetics and concept of limitation. 6.3 Effects of light and mixing. 6.4 Effects of temperature. 6.5 Nutrient limitation. 6.6 Cyanobacterial toxicity. 6.7 Cyanobacteria and water supplies. 7 Eutrophication. 7.1 Definition. 7.2 Phosphorus mass balance models. 7.3 Trophic state criteria. 7.4 Eutrophication of coastal marine waters. 8 Zooplankton. 8.1 Population characteristics. 8.2 Population dynamics. 8.3 Filtering and grazing. 8.4 Zooplankton grazing and eutrophication. 8.5 Trophic cascades. 8.6 Temperature and oxygen. 8.7 Invasive, non-native Zooplankton. 9 Macrophytes. 9.1 Habitats. 9.2 Significance of macrophytes. 9.3 Effects of light. 9.4 Effects of temperature. 9.5 Effects of nutrients. 9.6 Nutrient recycling. 9.7 Alternate stable states. 9.8 Invasive, non-native macrophytes. 10 Lake and reservoir restoration. 10.1 Pre-restoration data. 10.2 External control on P. 10.3 In-lake controls on P. 10.4 In-lake controls on biomass. Part Three Effects of Pollutants in Running Water. 11 Periphyton. 11.1 Significance to productivity. 11.2 Methods of measurement. 11.3 Factors affecting growth of periphytic algae. 11.4 Grazing. 11.5 Organic nutrients. 11.6 Periphyton community change as an index of waste type. 11.7 Effects of toxicants. 11.8 Nuisance. 12 Benthic macroinvertebrates. 12.1 Sampling for benthic macroinvertebrates. 12.2 Natural factors affecting community change. 12.3 Oxygen as a factor affecting community change. 12.4 Temperature. 12.5 Effect of food supply on macroinvertebrates. 12.6 Effect of organic matter. 12.7 Effects of toxic wastes. 12.8 Suspended sediment. 12.9 Recovery. 12.10 Assessment of water quality. 12.11 Invasive,

Customer Reviews