This key to the genera of Australian macrolichens follows recently published guides to apothecial crusts and pyrenocarps. It covers all 135 genera of macrolichens known to occur in Australia, and illustrates two-thirds of them in full colour. To ease identification, it uses mostly traits that are visible with the naked eye or a 10x hand lens, and for all genera it adds information on habitat, distribution within Australia, and literature references.