This volume summarises the contribution that experts from 18 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Serbia-Montenegro, Spain, Turkey and UK) gave at the closing meeting of COST-835 held in Martina Franca, Italy, on 24-25 October 2003. It provides a detailed overview on the occurrence of toxigenic fungi (Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium etc.) and mycotoxins (trichothecenes, zearalenones, fumonisins, ochratoxins, aflatoxins etc.) in plants, foods and feeds that can serve as a basis for risk management based regulatory decision.