Agroforestry is a traditional indigenous practice that has been used since the advent of agriculture. Over the past few decades, however, it has been revived with a scientific approach to improve ecological and economic interactions, thereby enhancing the overall productivity of agroecosystems. Ecological Basis of Agroforestry reflects a recent surge of interest in this field, as evidenced by the First World Congress on Agroforestry held in 2004. This timely text brings together leading international experts to provide comprehensive coverage of this multidisciplinary science, examining such topics as ecological interactions, below-ground ecology, modeling, and ecological economics.