Advanced Environmental Monitoring

About this book

When dealing with increasing environmental concerns associated with water, air and soil pollution, as well as climate change induced by human activities, accurate assessment of the state of the environment is a prerequisite for undertaking any course of action towards improvement.

This book deals with recent developments and applications of environmental monitoring technologies, with emphasis on optical and biological methods that are rapidly progressing through the integration of emerging technologies from various disciplines.

Thirty-one chapters, written by internationally renowned researchers in their respective fields, have been selected from presentations at the 6th International Symposium on Advanced Environmental Monitoring, held June 26-30, 2006 in Heidelberg, Germany.

Contents

Preface.- Section 1: Atmospheric Environmental Monititoring (Part I): Air Pollution Monitoring Systems -- Past -- Present -- Future. Radial Plume Mapping: A US EPA test method for area and fugitive source emission monitoring using Optical Remote Sensing. MAX-DOAS Measurements of ClO, SO2 and NO2 in the Mid-latitude Coastal Boundary Layer and a Power Plant Plume. Laser based chemical sensor technology: recent advances and applications. Atmospheric Monitoring With Chemical Ionisation Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CIR-TOF-MS) and Future Developments: Hadamard Transform Mass Spectrometry. Continuous monitoring and the source identification of carbon dioxide at three sites in Northeast Asia during 2004-2005. Aircraft Measurements of Long-Range Trans-Boundary Air Pollutants over Yellow Sea. Optical remote sensing for characterizing the spatial distribution of stack emissions.- Section 2: Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring (Part II): Mass Transport of Background Asian Dust Revealed by Balloon-borne Measurement: Dust Particles Transported during Calm Periods by Westerly from Taklamakan Desert. Identifying Atmospheric Aerosols with Polarization Lidar. A Novel Method to Quantify Fugitive Dust Emissions using Optical Remote Sensing. Raman Lidar for Monitoring of Aerosol Pollution in the Free Troposphere. An innovative approach to optical measurement of atmospheric aerosols -- determination of the size and the complex refractive index of single aerosol particles. Remote sensing of aerosols by sunphotometer and lidar techniques. Retrieval of Particulate Matter from MERIS Observations. Bioaerosol standoff monitoring using intensified range-gated laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. MODIS 500Ao500-m2 resolution aerosol optical thickness retrieval and its application for air quality monitoring.- Section 3: Contaminant-Control Process Monitoring: Aquatic colloids: Provenance, characterization and significance to environmental monitoring. Progress in earthworm ecotoxicology. Differentiating Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) from Natural Organic Matter (NOM): Impact of EfOM on Drinking Water Sources. An advanced monitoring & control system for optimization of the ozone-AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process) for the treatment of drinking water. Monitoring of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in a Water Treatment Process by UV-Laser Induced Fluorescence.- Section 4: Biosensors, Bioanalytical and Biomonitoring Systems: Biosensors for Environmental and Human Health. Biological toxicity testing of heavy metals and environmental samples using fluorescence based oxygen sensing and respirometry. Omics tools for environmental monitoring of chemicals, radiation, and physical stresses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene Expression Characteristics in the Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Liver after Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Optical Detection of Pathogens Using Protein Chip. Expression analysis of sex-specific and endocrine-disruptors-responsive genes in Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, using oligonucleotide microarrays. Assessment of the hazard potential of environmental chemicals by quantifying fish behaviour. Biomonitoring studies performed with European eel populations from the estuaries of Minho, Lima and Douro rivers (NW Portugal). In vitro testing of inhalable fly ash at the air liquid interface.- List of Abbreviations.- Index.

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