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The remote Gashaka region is still largely unexplored, although this area in north-eastern Nigeria is a premier wilderness where monkeys and apes still survive in large numbers. They are part of a rich assemblage of, often endemic, wildlife that has developed at this interface between the dry sub-Saharan Guinea savannah and the moist Cameroonian highlands. Primates include a large population of the rarest chimpanzee subspecies as well as colobus, guenons, and baboons, which thrive here despite an unusually wet climate. The main ethnic groups - Fulani cattle herders and Hausa speaking subsistence farmers - still follow age-old traditions. Conservation challenges come in the form of human settlements in national parks, deforestation, annual bush fires, livestock grazing, and hunting for bush-meat.
Primates of Gashaka provides first-hand accounts of field research in conjunction with the Gashaka Primate Project, founded in the year 2000. Topics include primate socioecology; genetics and phylogeography; nutritional ecology; vocal communication and animal cognition; ethno-botany and ethno-primatology; human strategies of subsistence and conflicts with wildlife; as well as habitat surveys to assess successes; and failures of conservation approaches. The contributions aim for interdisciplinary perspectives and comparative dimensions, across species and the African continent.
Contents
Foreword.- Conservator General, Nigeria National Park Service.- Contributors.- 1: Exploring and Protecting West Africa's Primates: The Gashaka Primate Project in Context. Volker Sommer and Caroline Ross.- 2: To Save a Wilderness: Creation and Development of Gashaka Gumti Nationa Park, Nigeria. Richard Barnwell.- 3: Hunters, Fire, Cattle: Conservation Challenges in Eastern Nigeria, with Special Reference to Chimpanzees. Jeremiah Adanu, Andrew Fowler and Volker Sommer.- 4: Monkeys and Apes as Animals and Humans: Ethno-Primatology in Nigeria's Taraba Region. Gilbert Nyanganji, Andrew Fowler, Aylin McNamara and Volker Sommer.- 5: The Bush as Pharmacy and Supermarket: Mechanisms and Functions of Plant Use by Human and Non-human Primates at Gashaka. Yianna Koutsioni and Volker Sommer.- 6: Fulani of the Highlands: Costs and Benefits of Living in National Park Enclaves. David Bennett and Caroline Ross.- 7: Pan-African Voyagers: Phylogeography of Baboons. Dietmar Zinner, Umaru Buba, Stephen Nash and Christian Roos.- 8: Crop-raiding and Commensalism in Olive Baboons: The Costs and Benefits of Living with Humans. Ymke Warren, James P. Higham, Ann M. MacLarnon and Caroline Ross.- 9: How Different Are Gashaka's Baboons? Forest and Open Country Populations Compared. Caroline Ross, Ymke Warren, Ann M. MacLarnon and James P. Higham.- 10: Keeping in Contact: Flexibility in Calls of Olive Baboons. Elodie Ey and Julia Fischer.- 11: Not Words but Meanings? Alarm Calling Behaviour in a Forest Guenon. Kate Arnold, Yvonne Pohlner and Klaus Zuberbuhler.- 12: Patrirchal Chimpanzees, Matriarchal Bonobos: Potentia Ecological Causes of a Pan Dichotomy. Volker Sommer, Jan Bauer, Andrew Fowler and Sylvia Ortmann.- 13: Panthropology of the Fourth Chimpanzee: A Contribution to Cultural Primatology. Andrew Fowler, Alejandra Pascual-Garrido, Umaru Buba, Sandra Tranquilli, Callistus Akosim, Caspar Schoning and Volker Sommer.- 14: Will the Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzee Go Extinct? Models Derived from Intake Rates of Ape Sanctuaries. Nicola Hughes, Norm Rosen, Neil Gretsky and Volker Sommer.- Index.
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