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Sun, wind and water draining from the land interact with the morphological features of a water body to create the environment experienced by freshwater plants and animals. The result of this interaction can be considered as the freshwater hydroclimate and this plays the same role as that of conventional climate in terrestrial ecology. Describing the influence of all forms of water movement on the ecology of fresh waters, this work aims to provide a framework for understanding the hydraulic processes of rivers and lakes and the implications for modifying or controlling freshwater ecosystems and habitats. The book should appeal to all those concerned with the management and study of the freshwater environment.
Hydroclimate. The structure and dynamics of river basins. River basin structure. Climate and streamflow. Outline of fluid dynamics. Basic features of fluid motion. The nature of turbulence. Hydrodynamic properties of particulate matter. The dynamics of particulate matter. The dynamics of hydraulic systems. Linear systems theory. Incomplete mixing. Compartment models. Final remarks. Hydraulic characteristics of rivers. River morphology. River mechanics. Hydrodynamic features of river habitats. Hydraulic characteristics of lakes. Lake morphology. Wind characteristics. The hydraulic structure of lakes. Wind-water interactions. Motion in isothermal lakes. Motion in stratified lakes. Surface waves. Other features of lake motion. Final remarks. River basin modification. Reservoirs and flow regulation. Modifications to river habitats. Freshwater ecosystems. Idealized ecosystems. Rate controlled growth. Event controlled growth. Space controlled growth. Final remarks. Synthesis. Background. River models. Lake models. Properties of water. Viscosity-temperature relationship. Density-temperature relationship.
