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Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) has classically been defined as a situation where wildlife impacts humans negatively (physically, economically, or psychologically), and where humans likewise negatively impact wildlife. However, there is growing consensus that the conflict between people about wildlife is as important as the conflict between people and wildlife. HWC not only affects the conservation of one species in a particular geographic area, but also impacts the willingness of an individual, a community, and wider society to support conservation programs in general. Human-Wildlife Conflict explores the complexity inherent in these situations, covering the theory, principles, and practical applications of HWC work, making it accessible and usable for conservation practitioners, as well as of interest to researchers more concerned with a theoretical approach to the subject.
Through a series of case studies, Human-Wildlife Conflict's authors and editors tackle a wide variety of subjects relating to conflict, from the challenges of wicked problems and common pool resources, to the roles that storytelling and religion can play in conflict. Throughout Human-Wildlife Conflict, the authors work with a Conservation Conflict Transformation (CCT) approach, adapted from the peacebuilding field to address the reality of conservation today. The authors utilise one of CCT's key analytic components, the Levels of Conflict model, as a tool to provide insight into their case studies. Although the examples discussed are from the world of marine conservation, the lessons they provide are applicable to a wide variety of global conservation issues, including those in the terrestrial realm.
Human-Wildlife Conflict will be essential reading for graduate students and established researchers in the field of marine conservation biology. It will also be a valuable reference for a global audience of conservation practitioners, wildlife managers, and other conservation professionals.
Megan M. Draheim, Francine Madden, Julie-Beth McCarthy, and E.C.M. Parsons: Introduction
Section 1: Introduction to the Levels of Conflict
1: Francine Madden and Brian McQuinn: Understanding Social Conflict and Complexity in the Marine Environment
Section 2: Policy and Human-Wildlife Conflict
2: Catherine Booker and d'Shan Maycock: Conservation on island time: Stakeholder participation and conflict in marine resource management
3: Jill Lewandowski: Transforming wicked environmental problems in the government arena: A case study of the effects of marine sound on marine mammals
4: Christine Gleason: Conservation in conflict: An overview of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) management in Samaná, Dominican Republic
5: E.C.M. Parsons: Levels of marine human-wildlife conflict: A whaling case study
6: Sarah Wise: Conflict and collaboration in marine conservation work: Transcending boundaries and encountering flamingos
Section 3: Narratives and Human-Wildlife Conflict
7: Rachel S. Sprague and Megan M. Draheim: Hawaiian monk seals: Labels, names, and stories in conflict
8: Carlie Wiener: Flipper fallout: Dolphins as cultural workers and the human conflicts that ensue
9: Julie-Beth McCarthy: Examining identity-level conflict: The role of religion
Megan M. Draheim, Julie-Beth McCarthy, E.C.M. Parsons: Conclusion
Dr Megan Draheim is a Visiting Assistant Professor at Virginia Tech's Center for Leadership in Global Sustainability, located outside of Washington, D.C, where she teaches in the Masters of Natural Resource program. Her focus is on human-wildlife interactions (both positive and negative) in marine and terrestrial systems and how these can help or hurt conservation. Her research has ranged from marine mammal tourism in the Dominican Republic to urban coyotes outside of Denver, Colorado. She received her PhD from George Mason University's Department of Environmental Science and Policy, an interdisciplinary program that gives equal weight to natural science, social science, and policy.
Francine Madden is the co-Founder and Executive Director of the Human-Wildlife Conflict Collaboration-a nonprofit organization integrating "conservation conflict transformation" strategies in wildlife conservation efforts. Francine has successfully facilitated conflict intervention, planning, and capacity building processes in some of the world's most fragile hotspots. Francine has helped people and projects significantly curtail wildlife poaching and trafficking, reconcile fractured and relationships, and dramatically improve overall social receptivity toward and decision-making for wildlife conservation on every continent where humans and wildlife coexist. Francine Madden has two masters' degrees from Indiana University and is the author of numerous publications and presentations.
Julie-Beth McCarthy is a marine conservation professional and scholar. She received her MSc in Biodiversity, Conservation, and Management from Oxford University's Centre for the Environment in 2010. Ms. McCarthy holds both a Biology degree and a Religious Studies degree from the University of Calgary which focused on biodiversity conservation, environmental ethics, and connecting religious communities with ecological conservation. She has presented on the role of religions in environmental processes to the general public, academics, and various religious community members. Ms. McCarthy has volunteered her time to many conservation initiatives globally and holds a certificate in Wildlife Rehabilitation & Husbandry from Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
Dr Chris Parsons has been involved in whale and dolphin research for over two decades. He is an Associate Professor at George Mason University as well as the undergraduate coordinator for their environmental science program. He's been a member of the scientific committee of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) for 15 years and has been involved in organizing three of the International Marine Conservation Congresses (IMCC) (the world's largest academic marine conservation conference). In addition, Dr. Parsons has published over 100 scientific papers and book chapters and has written a textbook on marine mammal biology & conservation.
Contributors:
Megan M. Draheim
Francine Madden
Julie-Beth McCarthy
E.C.M. Parsons
Brian McQuinn
Catherine Booker
d'Shan Maycock
Jill Lewandowski
Christine Gleason
Sarah Wise
Rachel S. Sprague
Carlie Wiener
