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The present volume of the EMU Notes in Mineralogy series describes the "Applications of Raman Spectroscopy to Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage". It is associated with the 12th EMU "school" co-sponsored by the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) as a "thematic school" and by the Société Française de Minéralogie et Cristallographie (SFMC).
The present volume contains chapters arising out of lectures given at this "school" which was held at the Université de Lorraine (Nancy. France) from 14-16 June 2012, immediately after the GeoRaman X meeting.
Spectroscopic methods such as Raman are used to investigate the structure and dynamics of matter. They are essential for the study of the different types of mineral or organic materials produced at the Earth's surface or interior. As a result of technological improvements in gratings, detectors, filters and personal computers in the last decade, many micro-Raman spectrometers have become plug-and-play instruments, very easy to use and available at a lower cost than the early Raman microprobes. Thus, many laboratories in Earth Sciences and Cultural Heritage are equipped with these new spectrometers. Commercial portable Raman spectrometers working in the field have also contributed to the spread of Raman spectroscopy. However, poor levels of education in terms of Raman spectroscopy in undergraduate courses in Earth Sciences make it difficult for individuals to obtain information of the highest quality relevant to Earth sciences and Cultural Heritage.
This volume addresses four main topics: theory, methodology including the instrumentation, experimental aspects, and applications.
Chapter 1: The Raman Effect and the vibrational dynamics of molecules and crystalline solids
by Fernando Rull
Chapter 2: Raman and fluorescence
Gerard Panczer, Dominique de Ligny, Clement Mendoza, Michael Gaft, Anne-Magali Seydoux-Guillaume and Xiaochun Wang
Chapter 3: Instrumentation in Raman spectroscopy: elementary theory and practice
Jean Dubessy, Marie-Camille Caumon, Fernando Rull and Shiv Sharma
Chapter 4: Theoretical modelling of Raman spectra
Razvan Caracas and Ema Bobocioiu
Chapter 5: Raman data analysis
Nicolae Tarcea and Jurgen Popp
Chapter 6: Optical cells with fused silica windows for the study of geological fluids
I-Ming Chou
Chapter 7: The hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) for Raman spectroscopic studies of geological fluids at high pressures and temperatures
Christian Schmidt and I-Ming Chou
Chapter 8: Raman spectroscopy of gases, water and other geological fluids
Valentin Garcia-Baonza, Fernando Rull and Jean Dubessy
Chapter 9: Raman spectroscopy of silicate glasses and melts in geological systems
Stephanie Rossano and Bjorn Mysen
Chapter 10: Raman spectroscopy at high pressure and temperature for the study of the Earth’s mantle and planetary minerals
Bruno Reynard, Gilles Montagnac and Herve Cardon
Chapter 11: Raman spectroscopy in biogeology and astrobiology
Isabelle Daniel and Howell G.M. Edwards
Chapter 12: Application of Raman spectroscopy to the study of graphitic carbons in the Earth Sciences
Olivier Beyssac and MIchele Lazzeri
Chapter 13: Raman spectroscopy applied to Gemmology
Emmanuel Fritsch, Benjamin Rondeau, Thomas Hainschwang and Stefanos Karampelas
Chapter 14: Applications of Raman spectroscopy in cultural heritage research
Peter Vandenabeele
"[...] [this] is an outstanding contribution that should be included n the personal library of anyone interested in Raman [...] It is ideally suited for use as a text book in a graduate course in Raman spectorscopy or analytical techniques."
– Elements
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