The beginning of the new millennium has been particularly devastating in terms of natural disasters associated with tectonic plate boundaries, such as earthquakes in Sumatra, Chile, Japan, Tahiti, and Nepal; the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean tsunamis; and volcanoes in Indonesia, Chile, Iceland that have produced large quantities of ash causing major disruption to aviation. In total, half a million people were killed by such natural disasters. These recurring events have increased our awareness of the destructive power of natural hazards and the major risks associated with them. While we have come a long way in the search for understanding such natural phenomena, and although our knowledge of Earth dynamics and plate tectonics has improved enormously, there are still fundamental uncertainties in our understanding of natural hazards. Increased understanding is crucial to improve our capacity for hazard prediction and mitigation.
Volume highlights include:
- Main concepts associated with tectonic plate boundaries
- Novel studies on boundary-related natural hazards
- Fundamental concepts that improve hazard prediction and mitigation
Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards will be a valuable resource for scientists and students in the fields of geophysics, geochemistry, plate tectonics, natural hazards, and climate science.
Contributors
Preface
1. Introduction to Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards
João C. Duarte and Wouter P. Schellart
Part I - Reviews
2. Rifts and rifted margins: A review of geodynamic processes and natural hazards
Sascha Brune
3. Origin, evolution, seismicity and models of oceanic and continental transform boundaries
Taras V. Gerya
4. An Introduction to Convergent Margins and their Natural Hazards
Robert J. Stern, David W. Scholl, Gerard Fryer
Part II – Earthquakes and related natural hazards
5. Great subduction zone earthquakes: advances in our understanding a decade after Sumatra 2004
Marc-André Gutscher
6. Promise and Paradox: why improved knowledge of plate tectonics hasn’t yielded correspondingly better earthquake hazard maps
Seth Stein, Mian Liu, Bruce D. Spencer, Edward M. Brooks
7. Joint inversion of high-rate GPS and teleseismic observations for rupture process of the 23 June 2014 (Mw 7.9) Rat Islands archipelago, Alaska, intermediate depth earthquake
Lingling Ye, Thorne Lay, Hiroo Kanamori, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Luis Rivera
8. Large Earthquakes and Structural Heterogeneity in Eastern Tibetan Plateau
Jianshe Lei, Dapeng Zhao
9. Seismic potential of thrust-wrench tectonic interference between major active faults offshore SW Iberia: a new explanation for the 1755 Great Lisbon Earthquake?
Filipe M. Rosas, João C. Duarte, Wouter P. Schellart, Ricardo Tomás, Pedro Terrinha
10. On the sedimentological and historical evidences of seismic-triggered tsunamis on the Algarve coast of Portugal
César Andrade, Maria C. Freitas, Maria A. Oliveira, Pedro J.M. Costa ?
Part III - Volcanoes and related natural hazards
11. Growth, demise, and recent eruption history of the eastern Cobb-Eickelberg Seamounts at the intersection with the Juan de Fuca Ridge
Robert P. Dziak, Susan G. Merle
12. The devastating impact of the 2010 eruption of Merapi volcano, Indonesia
Susanna F. Jenkins, Jean-Christophe Komorowski, Peter J. Baxter, Sylvain J. Charbonnier, Noer Cholik, Surono
13. The tsunami effects of a collapse of a volcanic island on a semi-enclosed basin: The Pico-São Jorge channel in the Azores archipelago
Rachid Omira, Rui Quartau, Inês Ramalho, Maria Ana Baptista, Neil C. Mitchell
14. Remote sensing of volcanic eruptions: from aviation hazards to global cooling
Andrew T. Prata