Environmental Mechanics Water, Mass and Energy Transfer in the Biosphere : the Philip Volume

About this book

Modern theories of mass and heat transfer in the biosphere, based on notions of a soil-plant-atmosphere thermodynamic continuum focused on water, were generally formulated by the mid-20th century. They tended to be reductionist and flow equations combined macroscopic laws of flow and of material and energy balance. They were difficult to solve because material transfer properties tend to be strongly related to the local concentration of an entity of concern, to the location, or to both. The architecture of the soil and the plant canopy also complicated their formulation, the scale of their application and their test.

Contents

Dedication to John Robert Philip AO FAA FRS
      The Editors vii
Preface
      The Editors ix

Introduction
Contributions to Environmental Mechanics: Introduction
      P. A. C. Raats, D. E. Smiles, and A. W Warrick   1

John Philip
A Convergence of Paths That Culminated in John Philip's 1995 Video Recorded History of Hydrology Interview
      Stephen J. Burges 29
Simplification Plus Rigorous Analysis: The Modus Operandi of John Philip
      James C. I. Dooge 35

Infiltration Theory
Infiltration Under Constant Head and Falling Head Conditions
      D. E. Elrick, R. Angulo-Jaramillo, D. J. Fallow, W. D. Reynolds, and C. W Parkin 47
Capillary Rise of Water Into Soil as Described by a Solution of Burgers' Equation
      D. Swartzendruber 55
Effect of Gravity and Model Characteristics on Steady Infiltration From Spheroids
      A. W. Warrick and Dani Or 65
The Seepage Exclusion Problem for Tunnel Cavities in the Saturated Capillary Fringe
      E. G. Youngs 71
Column Flow in Stratified Soils and Fingers in Hele-Shaw Cells: A Review
      J.-Yves Parlange, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Ling Li, D. A. Barry, and Frank Stagnitti 79
Wetting Front Evolution in Randomly Heterogeneous Soils
      Alexandre M. Tartakovsky Shlomo P. Neuman, and Daniel M. Tartakovsky 87

Swelling Soils and Solute Transport
On Hydrostatics and Matristatics of Swelling Soils
      C D. Grant, P. H. Groenevelt, and G. H. Bolt 95
Water and Solute Transfer in Porous Media
      David E. Smiles 107
Equilibrium Moisture Profiles in Consolidating, Sulfidic, Coastal Clay Soils
      Ian White 121
Solute Transport in Infiltration-Redistribution Cycles in Heterogeneous Soils
      S. C. Lessoff, P. Indelman, and G Dagan 133
Analytical Solutions for Two-Dimensional Solute Transport With Velocity-Dependent Dispersion
      Philip Broadbridge, R. Joel Moitsheki, and Maureen P. Edwards 145
Stability Criteria for the Vertical Boundary Layer Formed by Throughflow Near the Surface of a Porous Medium
      C. J. van Duijn, G. J. M. Pieters, R. A. Wooding, and A. van der Ploeg 155
Injection of Dilute Brine and Crude Oil/Brine/Rock Interactions
      Guoqing Tang and Norman R. Morrow 171

General Aspects of Water Flow in Soils
Multidimensional Flow of Water in Unsaturated Soils
      P. A. C. Raats 181
Effect of Temperature on Capillary Pressure
      Steven A. Grant and Jorg Bachmann 199
Soil Water Hysteresis Prediction Model Based on Theory and Geometric Scaling
      Randel Haverkamp, Paolo Reggiani, Peter J. Ross, and Jean-Yves Parlange 213
How Useful are Small-Scale Soil Hydraulic Property Measurements for Large-Scale Vadose Zone Modeling?
      Jan W. Hopmans, Don R. Nielsen, and Keith L Bristow 247
The Role of Estimation Error in Probability Density Function of Soil Hydraulic Parameters: Pedotop Scale
      Miroslav Kutflek, Miroslav Krejca, and Jana Kupcova-Vlasimska 259
Searching Below Thresholds: Tracing the Origins of Preferential Flow Within Undisturbed Soil Samples
      Milena Cfslerova, TomasVogel, Jana Votrubova, and Alice Robovska 265
Effect of Forced Convection on Soil Water Content Measurement With the Dual-Probe Heat-Pulse Method
      Gerard J. Kluitenberg and Joshua L. Heitman 275

Micrometeorology
Momentum Transfer to Complex Terrain
      John Finnigan 285
Diffusion of Heavy Particles in a Turbulent Flow
      M. R. Raupach 301
 Simple One-Dimensional Model of Coherent Turbulent Transfer in Canopies
      Michael D. Novak 317
The Concept of the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum and Applications
      M. B. Kirkham 327
Rootzone Processes, Tree Water-Use and the Equitable Allocation of Irrigation Water to Olives
      Steve Green, Brent Clothier, Horst Caspari, and Sue Neal 337

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