Reports of the work supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 1994: International Cooperative Research Project on `Ecological Studies on the Biodiversity in Rivers and Streams in the Far East'. A selection of papers, concentrating particularly on insect life. Papers include: A preliminary report on Chironomidae (Diptera) fauna of the Sakhalin Island; Algal flora of the Ussuri River; stoneflies of the Ussuri River basin; caddisfly fauna of the Ussuri River basin.