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About this book
Provides a reference document which looks at all the issues involved including, acoustics, architectural, engineering, and landscape, and provides a palette of ideas and possibilities.
Contents
Preface. Acknowledgements. Locations of photographs. 1. Introduction. Background. Environmental noise barrier terminology. Noise is a landscape issue. Barrier use: a contrast in provision. References. 2. Defining the need for barriers. Legislation and policy: introduction; The Land Compensation Act 1973; The Noise Insulation Regulations,1975; The Highways Act, 1980; National Government Policy; Local government policy; Alternative European approaches; The Noise Insulation (Railways and Other Guided Transport Systems) Regulations, 1996. European Union directives. Risk to health. Design process. Acoustic assessment. Landscape decision making process; Landscape assessment; Assessment of visual intrusion. DMRB assessment, consultation and design process: Summary of mitigation design strategies. References. 3. Acoustic performance of barriers. Introduction. Barrier theory. Sound insulation. Barrier placement. Barrier length. Bunds versus screens. Dealing with reflections from barriers. Reflections from high-sided vehicles. Improving the acoustic performance of a screen: Introduction; Cantilevered barriers; Tunnels; Galleried barriers; Louvred covers; Diffracting-edge modifications; Noise leakage through gaps; Varying longitudinal profiles; Noise screening by vegetation. Acoustic performance testing. References. 4 Barrier morphology and design. Anatomy of barriers - elements and characteristics: Top section and top edge; Middle section; Bottom section and bottom edge; Barrier facades; Ends; Vertical profile - angled and cantilevered barriers; Support structures, transitions and foundations; Fixings. Other considerations: Viewing at speed; Two-faced barriers; Barriers: Vertical or horizontal landscape elements?; Repetition; Pattern; Texture; Colour; Light and shade; Profiling; Materials and design; Choosing materials - visual neutrality and compatibility; Reference. 5. Types of barrier and barrier materials. Introduction. DMRB guidelines. Noise barrier types: Earth mounds; Earth mounds and planting; Timber barriers; Sheet-metal barriers; Concrete barriers; Brick barriers; Plastic, PVC and fibreglass barriers; Transparent barriers; Cantilevered barriers; Thatch barriers; Bio-barriers; Integrated barriers; Barrier materials on bridges; Barriers and solar panels; Tunnels; Escape routes. Planting and barriers. References. Engineering, safety, environmental and cost considerations.Introduction. Engineering considerations. Environmental considerations. Costs. References. Appendix 1 - Index of manufacturers, installers and suppliers. Author index. Subject index.
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