The pleurocarpous mosses of Bermuda, the Bahamas, and the West Indies are keyed, illustrated, and described in detail. Three orders are treated: Hookeriales, Leucodontales, Hypnamales. Within these, 30 families, 125 genera, and 254 species are treated. Nomenclatural novelties proposed are Actinodontium integrifolium (Broth.) S. P. Churchill, comb. nov., A, pygmaeum sp. nov., Porotrichodendron lindigii (Hampe) comb. nov., Drepanocladus sordidus (Müll Hal.) Hedenäs, comb. nov., Brachythecium ruderale (Brid.) comb. nov., Rhynchostegium ambiguum (Schwägr.) comb. nov., Barbellopsis trichophora (Mont.) comb. nov., Meteorium pseudoteres sp. nov., and Chryso-hypnum salleanum (Besch.) comb. nov.