Contributions to the taxonomic revision of the orchid subtribes Spiranthinae Lindl., Stenorrhynchidinae Szlach. and Cyclopogoninae Szlach. in Mesoamerica and the Antilles, based on over 1800 herbarium specimens from 36 herbaria, are presented. The taxonomic treatment of 170 species from 35 genera (Aulosepalum Garay, Beloglottis Schltr., Brachystele Schltr., Burnsbaloghia Szlach., Coccineorchis Schltr., Cocleorchis Szlach., Cyclopogon Presl, Deiregyne Schltr., Dichromanthus Garay, Discyphus Schltr., Eltroplectris Rafin., Eurystyles Wawra, Funkiella Schltr., Galeottiella Schltr., Gracielanthus R.Gonzalez T. & Szlach., Hapalorchis Schltr., Kionophyton Garay, Lankesterella Ames, Lyroglossa Schltr., Mesadenella Pabst & Garay, Mesadenus Schltr., Microthelys Garay, Oestlundorchis Szlach., Pelexia Poit. ex L.C.Rich., Physogyne Garay, Potosia (Schltr.) R.Gonzalez T. & Szlach., Pseudogoodyera Schltr., Sacoila Rafin., Sarcoglottis Presl, Schiedeella Schltr., Stenorrhynchos L.C.Rich. ex Spreng., Stigmatosema Garay, Svenkoeltzia Burns-Balogh, Triceratostris Szlach. & R.Gonzalez T., Zhukowskia Szlach., R.Gonzalez T. & Rutk.) includes descriptions, keys, illustrations of morphological details, and distribution maps.