The book gathers most of the papers presented at the Third International Workshop on Fire Ecology held in Banyuls-sur-Mer (France), October 2001. The articles are grouped under the following topics: The response of trees, especially the pines, to fire; The response of Mediterranean shrublands to wildfire or to prescribed burning; The biological and physiological processes that concern plants at the species level; The biological processes that take place after fire in the edaphic compartment; The responses and the recolonisation processes of animals; and Management and conservation issues.