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An up-to-date overview of current progress in improving crop quality and quantity using modern methods. With a particular emphasis on genetic engineering, this text focusses on crop improvement under adverse conditions, paying special attention to such staple crops as rice, maize, and pulses. It includes an excellent mix of specific examples, such as the creation of nutritionally-fortified rice and a discussion of the political and economic implications of genetically engineered food. The result is a must-have hands-on guide, ideally suited for the biotech and agro industries.
PART I CLIMATE CHANGE AND ABIOTIC STRESS FACTORS
- Climate Change and Food Security (R.B. Singh)
- Improving Crop Productivity Under Changing Environment (Navjot K. Dhillon, Satbir S. Gosal, and Manjit S. Kang)
- Genetic Engineering for Acid Soil Tolerance in Plants (Sagarika Mishra, Lingaraj Sahoo and, Sanjib Kumar Panda)
- Evaluation of Tropospheric O3 Effects on Global Agriculture: A New Insight (Richa Rai, Abhijit Sarkar, S.B. Agrawal, and Madhoolika Agrawal)
PART II METHODS TO IMPROVE CROP PRODUCTIVITY
- Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants: Omics Approaches (Monika Jaggi, Meetu Gupta, Narendra Tuteja, and Alok Krishna Sinha)
- Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Mediated Amelioration of Abiotic and Biotic Stresses for Increasing Crop Productivity (Vasvi Chaudhry, Suchi Srivastava, Puneet Singh Chauhan, Poonam C. Singh, Aradhana Mishra, and Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal)
- Are Viruses Always Villains? The roles Plant Viruses May Play in Improving Plant Responses to Stress (Stephen J. Wylie , and Michael G.K. Jones)
- Risk Assessment of Abiotic Stress Tolerant GM Crops (Paul Howles, and Joe Smith)
- Biofertilizers: Potential for Crop Improvement Under Stressed Condition (Alok Adholeya, and Manab Das)
PART III SPECIES-SPECIFIC CASE STUDIES
SECTION IIIA GRAMINOIDS
- Rice: Genetic Engineering Approaches for Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Retrospects and Prospects (Salvinder Singh, M.K. Modi, Sarvajeet Singh Gill, and Narendra Tuteja)
- Rice: Genetic Engineering Approaches to Enhance Grain Iron Content (Salvinder Singh, D. Sudhakar, and M.K. Modi)
- Pear Millet: Genetic Improvement for Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses (O.P. Yadav, K.N. Rai, and S.K. Gupta)
- Bamboo: Applications of Plant Tissue Culture Techniques for Genetic Improvement of Dendrocalamus Strictus Nees (C. K. John, and V. A. Parasharami)
SECTION IIIB LEGUMINOSAE
- Groundnut: Genetic Approaches to Enhance Adaptation of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea, L.) to Drought (Nageswara Rao R.C., Sheshshayee M.S., Karaba N. Nataraja, Rohini Sreevathsa, Rama N., Kumaraswamy S., Prasad T.G., and Udayakumar M.)
- Chickpea: Crop Improvement Under Changing Environment Conditions (B. K. Sarmah, S. Acharjee, and H.C. Sharma)
- Grain Legumes: Biotechnological Interventions in Crop Improvement for Adverse Environments (Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur, Paramita Palit, Ch Sridhar Kumar, D. Srinivas Reddy, and Kiran K. Sharma)
- Pulse Crops: Biotechnological Strategies to Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance (S. Ganeshan, P.M. Gaur, and R.N. Chibbar)
SECTION IIIC ROSACEAE
- Improving Crop Productivity and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Cultivated Fragaria Using Omics and Systems Biology Approach (Jens Rohloff, Pankaj Barah, and Atle M. Bones)
- Rose: Improvement for Crop Productivity (Madhu Sharma, Kiran Kaul, Navtej Kaur, Markandey Singh, D. Dhayani, and Paramvir Singh Ahuja)
Dr. Narendra Tuteja did his M.Sc., Ph.D and D.Sc. in Biochemistry from the Lucknow University in 1977, 1982 and 2008, respectively. He is fellow of the Academies of Sciences: FNASc. (2003), FNA (2007), FASc. (2009) and FNESA (2009). Dr. Tuteja has made major contributions in the field of plant DNA replication and abiotic stress signal transduction, especially in isolating novel DNA/RNA helicases and several components of calcium and G-proteins signaling pathways. Initially he made pioneer contributions in isolation and characterization of large number of helicases from human cells while he was at ICGEB Trieste and published several papers in high impact journals including EMBO J. and Nucleic Acids Research. From India he has cloned the first plant helicase (Plant J. 2000) and presented the first direct evidence for a novel role of a pea DNA helicase (PNAS, USA, 2005) in salinity stress tolerance and pea heterotrimeric G-proteins (Plant J. 2007) in salinity and heat stress tolerance. Dr. Tuteja has reported the first direct evidence in plant that PLC functions as an effector for Ga subunit of G-proteins. All the above work has received extensive coverage in many journals, including Nature Biotechnology, and bulletins all over the world. His group has also discovered novel substrate (pea CBL) for pea CIPK (FEBS J. 2006). He has already developed the salinity tolerant tobacco and rice plants without affecting yield. Recently, few new high salinity stress tolerant genes (e.g. Lectin receptor like kinase, Chlorophyll a/b binding protein and Ribosomal L30E) have been isolated from Pisum sativum and have been shown to confer high salinity stress tolerance in bacteria and plant (Glycoconjugate J. 2010; Plant Signal. Behav. 2010). Recently, very high salinity stress tolerant genes from fungus Piriformospora indica have been isolated and their functional validation in fungus and plants is in progress. Overall, Dr. Tuteja?s research uncovers three new pathways to plant abiotic stress tolerance. His results are an important success and indicate the potential for improving crop production at sub-optimal conditions.
Dr. Sarvajeet Singh Gill did his B.Sc. (1998) from Kanpur University and M.Sc. (2001, Gold Medalist), M. Phil. (2003) and Ph.D (2009) from Aligarh Muslim University. Dr. Gill has several research papers, review articles and book chapters to his credit in the journals of national and international repute and in edited books. He has co-edited four books namely Sulfur assimilation and Abiotic Stress in Plants; Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control; Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress, and Abiotic Stress Tolerance published by Springer-Verlag (Germany), IK International, New Delhi, and Bentham Science Publishers, respectively. He was awarded Junior Scientist of the year award by National Environmental Science Academy New Delhi in 2008. Presently with Dr. Tuteja, Dr. Gill is working on heterotrimeric G proteins and plant DNA helicases to uncover the abiotic stress tolerance mechanism in rice. The transgenic plants overexpressing heterotrimeric G proteins and plant DNA helicases may be important for improving crop production at sub-optimal conditions.
