This book is the outcome of a project on "On-farm Water Husbandry in West Asia and North Africa," implemented by ICARDA in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen. Studies on indigenous water-harvesting systems reported in the book from these countries, with illustrations of indigenous water-harvesting systems, point to the fact that traditional techniques are the most sustainable and environmentally friendly, and should be the basis for planning modern water-harvesting systems.