Larvae of the Common Penaeid Prawns of Malaysia and South-East Asia

About this book

This book describes in detail the full larval series of ten common, economically important species of penaeid prawn in five genera, including Metapenaeus, Metapenaeopsis, Parapenaeopsis, Penaeus and Trachysalambria. Four Parapenaeopsis species are documented here for the first time. A synthesis of larval development across the five genera is provided with an advanced hypothesis of four developmental pathways. Showcasing accurate artwork of 102 plates of non-stylized, as-it-is drawings of penaeid larvae, cultured in the laboratory, the book describes extensive and intensive larval diagnoses, staging and taxonomic treatment for the generic and specific identification of the nauplius, protozoea, mysis and first postlarva, including those of other described species in the region.

This classification key is the first to consider each and every larval stage. Larviculture methods of the different species in a laboratory setting are also provided as a supplementary resource. To accompany the book, the author has created a semi-automated species/genus identification app for Android smartphones based on larval morphometrics.

This book is an essential buy for institutional repositories, libraries, universities and fisheries research institutes, and those who are interested in penaeid and crustacean biology, shrimp aquaculture, fisheries, zooplankton and larval ecology, and numerical taxonomy. It will be a useful text and guide for researchers, students, technicians, culturists and managers working in universities, fisheries and other research institutes/agencies, consultancies, and the aquaculture industry.

Contents

Introduction
1.1 Concepts of larval development
1.2 The larval stages
1.3 Larval morphology
1.4 Larval descriptions
1.5 Aim

Measurements and Notations
2.1 Culture and sampling
2.2 Observation and measurement
2.3 Staining and dissection
2.4 Body measurements
2.5 Definitions and notations
2.6 Species nomenclature

Development and Morphology of Penaeid Larvae 
3.1 Penaeid eggs
3.2 Duration of embryony and larval stages
3.3 Larval morphology
      Genus Parapenaeopsis (Alcock, 1901)
            Parapenaeopsis hardwickii (Miers,1878)
            Parapenaeopsis hungerfordi Alcock, 1905
            Parapenaeopsis maxillipedo Alcock, 1905
            Parapenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1862)
      Genus Trachysalambria Burkenroad, 1934
            Trachysalambria malaiana (Balss, 1933)
      Genus Metapenaeus Wood-Mason, 1891
            Metapenaeus affinis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
            Metapenaeus brevicornis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
      Genus Metapenaeopsis Bouvier, 1905
            Metapenaeopsis stridulans (Alcock, 1905)
      Genus Penaeus Fabricius, 1798
            Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) indicus H. Milne Edwards, 1837
            Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) merguiensis De Man, 1888
3.4 Synthesis
3.5 Hypothesized pathways of larval development 
3.6 Update of species with full larval descriptions

Diagnoses and Keys to Stage, Genus and Species
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Comparative body structures, setation and spination
4.3 Larval keys to the common genera and species of penaeid prawns in Malaysian and South-East Asian waters
      Key NAUPLIUS
      Key PROTOZOEA
      Key MYSIS-FIRST POSTLARVA

Semi-automated Identification of Larvae Using a Smartphone
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Larval characters to measure
5.3 The classification procedure
5.4 Tips on morphometric measurements of preserved larvae
5.5 About VG_Nauplius
5.6 Sample data for testing VG_Nauplius
5.7 Limitations

References
Glossary

Supplementary
I.  Photo-plates of Adult Prawns
II. Larval Guide Sheets Explanations to the illustrations of prawn larvae

Illustration
Figures
      Parapenaeopsis
            P. hardwickii (Figs. II-1 to II-11)
            P. hungerfordi (Figs. II-12 to II-22)
            P. maxillipedo (Figs. II-23 to II-33) 
            P. sculptilis (Figs. II-34 to II-44)
      Trachysalambria
            T. malaiana (Figs. II-45 to II-54)
      Metapenaeus
            M. affinis (Figs. II-55 to II-64)
            M. brevicornis (Figs. II-65 to II-74) 
      Metapenaeopsis
            M. stridulans (Figs. II-75 to II-84)
      Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus)
            P. indicus (Figs. II-85 to II-93)
            P. merguiensis (Figs. II-94 to II-102) 
      Myses from Plankton (Figs. II-103 to II-105)
III. Larviculture Methods
IV. VG_Nauplius Installation

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Biography

Chong Ving Ching is presently Honorary Professor after his retirement from the Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, having served as lecturer from 1989 to 2002, and full professor from 2003 to 2016. He taught courses in zoology, estuarine and marine ecology, biostatistics, research methodology, fishery ecology and management, and aquaculture. His expertise is in mangrove and coastal fisheries, zooplankton and larval ecology, and larval culture. He has supervised more than 40 PhD and Master students to completion, and published extensively in refereed journals and academic books.