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Many scientists working in biology are unfamiliar with the basics of thermodynamics and its role in determining molecular structures. Yet measuring the heat of structural change a molecule undergoes under various conditions yields information on the energies involved and, thus, on the physical bases of the considered structures. Microcalorimetry of Macromolecules offers protein scientists unique access to this important information.
Divided into thirteen chapters, the book introduces readers to the basics of thermodynamics as it applies to calorimetry, the evolution of the calorimetric technique, as well as how calorimetric techniques are used in the thermodynamic studies of macromolecules, detailing instruments for measuring the heat effects of various processes. Also provided is general information on the structure of biological macromolecules, proteins, and nucleic acids, focusing on the key thermodynamic problems relating to their structure. The book covers:
- The use of supersensitive calorimetric instruments, including micro and nano-calorimeters for measuring the heat of isothermal reactions (Isothermal Titration Nano-Calorimeter), the heat capacities over a broad temperature range (Scanning Nano-Calorimeter), and pressure effects (Pressure Perturbation Nano-Calorimeter)
- Two of the simplest but key structural elements: the a and polyproline helices and their complexes, the a-helical coiled-coil, and the pyroline coiled-coils
- Complicated macromolecular formations, including small globular proteins, multidomain proteins and their complexes, and nucleic acids
- Numerous examples of measuring the ground state of protein energetics, as well as changes seen when proteins interact
The book also reveals how intertwined structure and thermodynamics are in terms of a macromolecule's organization, mechanism of formation, the stabilization of its three-dimensional structure, and ultimately, its function. The first book to describe microcalorimetric technique in detail, enough for graduate students and research scientists to successfully plumb the structural mysteries of proteins and the double helix, Microcalorimetry of Macromolecules is an essential introduction to using a microcalorimeter in biological studies.
1 Introduction 1
2 Methodology 5
3 Calorimetry 33
4 Macromolecules 69
5 The α-Helix and α-Helical Coiled-Coil 95
6 Polyproline-II Coiled-Coils 127
7 Globular Proteins 153
8 Energetic Basis of Protein Structure 193
9 Protein Folding 225
10 Multidomain Proteins 249
11 Macromolecular Complexes 273
12 Protein–DNA Interaction 297
13 Nucleic Acids 353
References, 383
Index 387
Peter L. Privalov is a Professor of Biology and Biophysics at the Johns Hopkins University since 1991. He received his PhD in physics from the University of Georgia, Tbilisi (former USSR), and his DrSc in biophysics from the Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. For many years, he headed the Laboratory of Thermodynamics at the Protein Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of 230 scientific papers published in various international journals and periodicals.
