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This supplement contains two contributions
- The adult morphology of Mycetophilidae (s.str.), with a tentative phylogeny of the family (Diptera, Sciaroidea)
The external, adult morphology of the Mycetophilidae is outlined. Thirty-nine genera representing all commonly recognised subfamilies and tribes have been studied, with emphasis on genera not included in the two tribes Mycetophilini and Exechiini. Characters supposed to be of systematical importance are emphasised, and such characters have, above all, been found in the structure of the head, mouth parts, thoracic sclerites and in the highly complex genital apparatus in male and females. A secondary fission of the gonocoxites apparently has taken place in several genera, in both sexes. The survey reveals the 10th abdominal segment to be more important in the composite structure of the male terminalia than recognised by most authors. Derivatives of this segment may be traced as lobes posteriorly of the epandrium, or possibly as accompanying appendages of the gonostylus. In females the presence of a pair of gonocoxites and a pair of gonapophyses on each of the 8th and 9th abdominal segments, together with a well developed sternite 10 is demonstrated.
A tentative phylogenetic analysis based on the studied genera is presented. The analysis strongly rejects the common practice of ranking Edwards' (1925) tribes as subfamilies. Neither, does it support the maintenance of the three commonly recognised subfamilies. Pending further studies it is recommended to treat the entire group as one family, and retain a modified tribal classification.
- The systematics and phylogeny of Coelosia Winnertz, 1863 (Diptera, Mycetophilidae)
The world fauna of Coelosia Winnertz, 1863 is revised. Descriptions and diagnoses of the genus and all 24 known species are given, together with keys to males and associated females. A hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationship among the species is presented based on a cladistic analysis. The two genera Boletina and Gnoriste combined were used as outgroup in the analysis. The monophyly of the genus is well supported by the data. Despite much homoplasy, two species groups can be recognised.
All available type material of species assigned to Coelosia have been studied. In addition, identified and unidentified specimens were borrowed from 22 museums and institutions. All known species are redescribed, and lectotypes designated for bicornis Stackelberg, 1946, flava Staeger, 1840, modesta Johannsen, 1912, sapporoensis Okada, 1939, tenella (Zetterstedt, 1852) and truncata Lundström, 1909. Coelosia fusca Bezzi, 1892 was found to be a senior synonym of silvatica Landrock, 1918, modesta Johannsen, 1912 of quadricornis Stackelberg, 1942, and pygophora Coquillett, 1904 of lepida Johannsen, 1912. Three species are transferred from Coelosia to Coelophthinia Edwards, 1941, namely flavithorax Freemann, 1951, neotropica Lane, 1959 and accita Plassmann & Vogel, 1990. Thirteen new species are described, burmacola and distylata from the Oriental region, and brevilobata, huitzilopochtlii, longilobata, quetzalcoatli, scopariata, succinacea, tezcatlipocai, tlaloci, vockerothi, xochiquetzali and xolotli from the Nearctic region.
Of the 24 species in the genus, 13 are Nearctic, 6 Palaearctic, 3 Holarctic and 2 Oriental. The northernmost and southernmost records originate from 79 °N and 16 °N, respectively. Judged from the revealed phylogeny and present distribution of the species, an Eurasian origin of the genus appears most likely. The evolution and diversification of the genus is likely to coincide with the Tertiary palaeogeological development of Eurasia and North America.
