A document enlightening the present state of the most crucial environmental problems in Russia and their impact on the human rights. It deals with the scope of issues associated with analyzing the situation in the field of the environment, with the impact of the environment on the lives and health of mankind, with execution of rights of citizens for a better environment, and incorporates reccomendations directed towards perfecting the activities of the state in guaranteeing and protecting environmental and associated rights of the citizens. Among the problems discussed are: air pollution, water pollution, radioactive contamination, non-jonizing eradiation, creating of sanitary protective zones and others.