This is a comprehensive overview of the observational and theoretical status in the field of the local and general interstellar medium. It contains contributions presented at the IAU Colloquium number 166. Review articles and highlight talks hope to serve both as an introduction to the field for the undergraduate or the non-specialist and also give a summary of developments for the expert and researcher. These articles are supplemented by a representative number of research papers. All contributions are refereed. The scientific content spans a wide range from solar system measurements of dust grains to X-ray emission from distant galaxies.
UV and soft X-ray observations of the LISM; observations and modelling of the local bubble and the SXRB; clouds and particles in the local ISM radio observations; magnetic fields, molecular clouds, bubbles; hot gas, SXRB fluctuations, dust, gammarays; superbubbles, galactic halo; high-velocity clouds, galactic fountains, LMC; external galaxies; conference summary.