Environmental Xenobiotics

About this book

The effects of man-made substances (xenobiotics) on the natural environment are described in this volume. It explains why these effects need to be understood, monitored and curtailed, especially in developing countries.

Contents

Part 1 Prologue; prologue. Part 2 Introductory chapters: factors altering the severity of adverse effects induced in animals and the people by environmental xenobiotics; xenobiotic mechanisms of pesticides and fertilizers in soil - a review;environmental xenobiotics - pesticides; xenobiotics in the Third World agricultural environment; environmental transformation in bioenergy production using anaerobic digestion. Part 3 Biomonitoring: integrative approach to aquatic environmentbiomonitoring; Cytochrome P-450 in pollution monitoring - use of Cytochrome p-450 1A (CYP1A) as a biomarker of organic pollution in aquatic and other organisms; immunoassays for rapid, inexpensive monitoring of agricultural chemicals; the role of algae inecotoxicological tests; use of micro- scale aquatic toxicity tests in ecolabelling guidelines for general purpose cleaners; radiation sources and experimental conditions for testing for photodegradability of xenobiotics in surface waters - actual statusand new developments. Part 4 Biodegradability: biological degradability testing; chlorinated acetanilides - biodegradation and toxicity in gram-negative cells; organic explosives as dangerous environmental xenobiotics - QSAR studies; environmentaldynamics and ecotoxicology of human and veterinary drugs; carcinogenic xenobiotics in ecosystems and human health; environmental aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons originating mainly from coal-fired combustion systems and their monitoringrequirements; distribution of mercury, lead and cadmium in Zagreb City soil; remains of World War I geochemical pollution in the landscape. Part 6 Management and regulatory aspects: management of environmental xenobiotics; environmental regulatory controlof biocides, pesticides, and human and veterinary medicines. Part 7 Epilogue: epilogue.

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