The Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific literature relevant to climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. The report recognizes the interactions of climate, ecosystems and biodiversity, and human societies, and integrates across the natural, ecological, social and economic sciences. It emphasizes how efforts in adaptation and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions can come together in a process called climate-resilient development, which enables a liveable future for biodiversity and humankind. The IPCC is the leading body for assessing climate change science. IPCC reports are produced in comprehensive, objective and transparent ways, ensuring they reflect the full range of views in the scientific literature. Novel elements include focused topical assessments, and an atlas presenting observed climate change impacts and future risks from global to regional scales.
Summary for Policymakers
Technical Summary
1. Point of Departure and Key Concepts
2. Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems and Their Services
3. Oceans and Coastal Ecosystems and Their Services
4. Water
5. Food, Fibre and Other Ecosystem Products
6. Cities, Settlements and Key Infrastructure
7. Health, Wellbeing and the Changing Structure of Communities
8. Poverty, Livelihoods and Sustainable Development
9. Africa
10. Asia
11. Australasia
12. Central and South America
13. Europe. 14. North America
15. Small Islands
Cross-Chapter Paper 1. Biodiversity Hotspots
Cross-Chapter Paper 2. Cities and Settlements by the Sea
Cross-Chapter Paper 3. Deserts, Semiarid Areas and Desertification
Cross-Chapter Paper 4. Mediterranean Region
Cross-Chapter Paper 5. Mountains
Cross-Chapter Paper 6. Polar Regions
Cross-Chapter Paper 7. Tropical Forests
16. Key Risks across Sectors and Regions
17. Decision-Making Options for Managing Risk
18. Climate Resilient Development Pathways
Annex I Global to Regional Atlas
Annex II Glossary
Annex III Acronyms
Annex IV Contributors to the Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
Annex V Expert Reviewers of the Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
Index