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Aquatic ecosystems are rich in biodiversity and home to a diverse array of species and habitats, providing a wide variety of benefits to human beings. Many of these valuable ecosystems are at risk of being irreversibly damaged by human activities and pressures, including pollution, contamination, invasive species, overfishing and climate change. Such pressures threaten the sustainability of these ecosystems, their provision of ecosystem services and ultimately human well-being.
Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is now widely considered the most promising paradigm for balancing sustainable development and biodiversity protection, and various international strategies and conventions have championed the EBM cause and the inclusion of ecosystem services in decision-making. This book introduces the essential concepts and principles required to implement ecosystem-based management, detailing tools and techniques, and describing the application of these concepts and tools to a broad range of aquatic ecosystems, from the shores of Lough Erne in Northern Ireland to the estuaries of the US Pacific Northwest and the tropical Mekong Delta.
Part I. Introduction
- Using the Concepts and Tools of Social Ecological Systems and Ecosystem Services to Advance the Practice of Ecosystem-Based Management
Part II. Foundational Concepts
- Advancing Aquatic Ecosystem-Based Management with Full Consideration of the Social-Ecological System
- Ecosystem-Based Management: Moving from Concept to Practice
- From DPSIR the DAPSI(W)R(M) Emerges... a Butterfly - 'protecting the natural stuff and delivering the human stuff'
- The Promise and Pitfalls of Ecosystem Services Classification and Valuation
- Approaches for Estimating the Supply of Ecosystem Services: Concepts for Ecosystem-Based Management in Coastal and Marine Environments
- The Final Ecosystem Goods & Services (FEGS) Approach: A Beneficiary-Centric Method to Support Ecosystem-Based Management
Part III. Tools and Techniques
- Ecosystem-Based Management and Natural Capital Accounting
- Establishing a Common Framework for Strategic Communications in Ecosystem-Based Management and the Natural Science
- Prioritizing Stakeholders, Beneficiaries, and Environmental Attributes: A Tool for Ecosystem-Based Management
- Linkage Frameworks: An Exploration Tool for Complex Systems in Ecosystem-Based Management
- Projecting Changes to Coastal and Estuarine Ecosystem Goods and Services - Models and Tools
- An Integrated Multi-Model Decision Support Framework for Evaluating Ecosystem-Based Management Options for Coupled Human-Natural Systems
- Mathematical Modeling for Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) and Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) Assessment
- The Ecosystem Services Gradient: A Descriptive Model for Identifying Levels of Meaningful Change
- Rapid Benefit Indicator Tools
Part IV. Governance
- The Ecosystem Approach in International Marine Environmental Law and Governance
- Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) and Ecosystem Services in EU Law, Policy and Governance
- Ecosystem Services in U.S. Environmental Law and Governance for the Ecosystem-Based Management Practitioner
- Unravelling the Relationship between Ecosystem-Based Management, Integrated Coastal Zone Management And Marine Spatial Planning
Part V. Case Studies
- Models and Mapping Tools to Inform Resilience Planning After Disasters: A Case Study of Hurricane Sandy and Long Island Ecosystem Services
- Ecosystem-Based Management to Support Conservation and Restoration Efforts in the Danube Basin
- Combining Methods to Establish Potential Management Measures for Invasive Species Elodea nutallii in Lough Erne Northern Ireland
- Mitigating Negative Unintended Impacts on Biodiversity in the Natura 2000 Vouga Estuary (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)
- Ecosystem-Based Management for More Effective and Equitable Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study on the Faial-Pico Channel Marine Protected Area, Azores
- Using Stakeholder Engagement, Translational Science and Decision Support Tools for Ecosystem-Based Management in the Florida Everglades
- Remediation to Restoration to Revitalization: Engaging Communities to Support Ecosystem-Based Management and Improve Human Wellbeing at Clean-up Sites
- Predicting Future Vegetated Landscapes Under Climate Change: Application of the Environmental Stratification Methodology to Protected Areas in the Lower Mekong Basin
Dr Tim O’Higgins is a research fellow at University College Cork, he is a marine scientist with 20 years practical and academic research experience in Europe and the U.S. His research has developed from an early focus on water quality, oceanography and marine biology to the mapping and measurement of ecosystem services; to the analysis of social-ecological systems and the science-policy interface. He has published widely on the management of estuarine and marine ecosystems from the U.S. Pacific Northwest to the Mediterranean, Black Baltic and North and Irish Seas. He managed the large scale integrating EU research project KnowSeas (2009-2013), current research focuses on aquaculture, ecosystem services and marine policy and management. He lives in Oysterhaven Co Cork, Ireland and enjoys mackerel fishing.
Dr Manuel Lago is an experienced researcher and consultant in environmental/natural resource economics and since 2009 a Senior Fellow at Ecologic Institute in Berlin. His line of research spins around the application of economic thinking for the increased understanding of environmental policy trade-offs and its mainstreaming into other areas of public policy. He specialises in integrative assessments through the economic analysis of environmental policies and regulations, application of the ecosystems good and services concept, environmental valuation, and compliance cost accounting. Manuel coordinated the Horizon2020 AQUACROSS project sponsored by the European Commission. The project aimed to advance knowledge and application of ecosystem-based management for aquatic ecosystems to support the achievement of the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy targets. In addition to his involvement in large collaborative research projects, he has experience leading consulting projects for the European Commission, the European Environment Agency, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) among others.
Dr Theodore DeWitt has 34 years of experience conducting marine and estuarine research with the Oregon State University, Smithsonian Institution, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development. Ted and his family live on the Oregon coast, and he currently serves as the Chief of the Pacific Coastal Ecology Branch of US EPA’s Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment. His recent research has focused on identifying, quantifying, and modelling the final ecosystem goods and services (FEGS) produced within coastal aquatic habitats that are directly used or appreciated by people. From 2014 to 2019, Ted co-led US EPA’s multi-laboratory research effort to develop frameworks and tools for incorporating FEGS into decision making at community scales. He also contributed to the development of the US EPA’s Ecosystem Service Models Library (ESML) and National Ecosystem Classification System Plus (NESCS Plus) web-based tools. Ted currently works with a US EPA team to integrate FEGS into restoration planning and monitoring, particularly for tidal wetland habitats.
