Introducing Stratigraphy

About this book

A concise, highly illustrated introduction to stratigraphy, the study of rock layers and layering. It is used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks and is a key component of the search for fossil fuels.

Stratigraphy is the branch of geology which studies rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). Stratigraphy deals primarily with sedimentary rocks but also embraces layered igneous rocks where layers result from successive lava flows. A common goal of stratigraphic studies is the interpretation of sequences of rock strata, thus understanding the time relationships involved, and correlating units of the sequence with rock strata elsewhere. Nicholas Steno described four principles of stratigraphy in the seventeenth century, including the law of superposition, which states that, in undeformed stratigraphic sequences, the oldest strata will be at the bottom of the sequence. These ideas still underpin modern stratigraphy, which is governed by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. Its primary objective is to precisely define global units (systems, series, and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart that, in turn, are the basis for the units (periods, epochs, and ages) of the International Geologic Time Scale. Stratigraphy has applications in many scientific fields, including archaeology, palaeontology and the search for natural resources. This succinct and accessible introduction to stratigraphy will prove helpful to students and amateur geologists alike.

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Biography

Paul Lyle has retired from his post as a lecturer in geology at the University of Ulster at Jordanstown and devotes his time to writing on geological issues. His previous book for Dunedin, The Abyss of Time, won the ASE Science Book of the Year Award 2016.