Managed Ecosystems and CO₂ Case Studies, Processes, and Perspectives

About this book

Managed ecosystems cover a large part of the Earth's land surface, provide almost all of our food and most of our wood and fibre, and are increasingly a source of renewable energy. Forecasting the ability of managed ecosystems to continue these vital roles in a globally changing environment is an inter-disciplinary challenge.

To elucidate the complex responses of managed systems to elevated [CO₂], several free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) facilities were established. These FACE systems allow large areas to be exposed to the elevated [CO₂] we expect by the middle of the century. Managed Ecosystems and CO₂ summarizes the main findings from 13 experiments with annual crops, permanent pastures and plantation forests at 11 sites throughout the world during the past ten years. The results significantly alter our perception of how rising [CO₂] will directly affect these managed ecosystems, with implications for policy, plant-breeding objectives and adaptation.

Contents

- Face Technology
- The Effects of Elevated [CO₂] on: Cotton, Wheat, and Sorghum; Soybean; Paddy Rice; Potato; Arable Crop Rotation System; Fertile Grassland; Grassland Grazed by Sheep; Multispecies Poplar Plantation; Loblolly Pine Forest; Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems; Deciduous Forests; Photosynthesis and Stomata; Foliar Carbohydrates
- Evapotranspiration, Canopy Temperature, and Plant Water Relations
- Biological Nitrogen Fixation: A Key Process for the Response of Grassland Ecosystems to Elevated Atmospheric [CO₂]
- Effects of Elevated [CO₂] and N Fertilization on Interspecific Interactions in Temperate Grassland Model Ecosystems
- The Potential of Genomics and Genetics in Free Air CO₂-Enrichment Experiments
- The Impact of Elevated Atmospheric [CO₂] on Soil C and N Dynamics
- The Influence of Elevated [CO₂] on Diversity, Activity and Biogeochemical Functions of Rhizosphere and Soil Bacterial Communities
- Increases in Atmospheric [CO₂] and the Soil Food Web
- Perspectives on the Future of Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment Studies

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