About this book
Although life cycle costing is touted as one of the three pillars of sustainability, few texts have explored the environmental side of such assessments. Defining and illustrating this rapidly growing field, this book provides the fundamental basis on which to establish a clear methodology in this area. The editors present the link between life cycle costing and life cycle assessment. Exploring public, private, and societal options, the text also includes several case studies and explains all components of the method with reference to a single example. Simply put, this book serves as a teaching tool that responds to a current need for clarification and benchmarks of life cycle costing.
Contents
A Dialog, over Coffee, about Life Cycle Costing Executive Summary Three Categories of Life Cycle Costing System Boundaries in Environmental Life Cycle Costing Example Calculations in Environmental Life Cycle Costing History of Life Cycle Costing, Its Categorization, and Its Basic Framework, K. Lichtenvort, G. Rebitzer, G. Huppes, A. Ciroth, S. Seuring, W.P. Schmidt, E. Gunther, H. Hoppe, T. Swarr, and D. Hunkeler History and Development of Conventional LCC Types of LCC Two Key Limitations of LCC to Be Tackled by Environmental LCC The Requirement and General Framework for Environmental Life Cycle Costing Modelling for Life Cycle Costing, G. Huppes, A. Ciroth, K. Lichtenvort, G. Rebitzer, W.-P. Schmidt, and S. Seuring Introduction Cost Models Cost Categories Cost Bearers Uncertainties and Inconsistencies in Cost Data Cost Aggregation Environmental LCC, G. Rebitzer and S. Nakamura Objectives of Environmental LCC System Boundaries and Scope Calculating Life Cycle Costs based on the Process LCI of LCA Environmental LCC in Relationto Conventional and Societal LCC Calculating Life Cycle Costs Based on Hybrid LCA Integrating External Effects into LCC, B. Steen, H. Hoppe, D. Hunkeler, K. Lichtenvort, W.-P. Schmidt, and E. Spindler Introduction Definition, Identification, and Categorization of Externalities Monetization Internalizing Externalities LCC in Life Cycle Management, T. Swarr and D. Hunkeler Corporate Perspective Integrating LCC into Management Continuous Product Improvement A Survey of Current LCC Studies, A. Ciroth, K. Verghese, and C. Trescher Intention Relation of This Chapter to the Other Chapters Parameters and Settings of LCC Studies in Practice Sampling Procedure of Studies for the Survey Summary of Results Outlook: Toward an LCC Case Study Library Analysis of the Survey's Results Conclusions and Questions Life Cycle Costing Case Studies, A. Ciroth, C.-O. Gensch, E. Gunther, H. Hoppe, D. Hunkeler, G. Huppes, K. Lichtenvort, K. Ludvig, B. Notarnicola, A. Pelzeter, M.Prox, G. Rebitzer, I. Rudenauer, and K. Verghese Introduction Organic versus Conventional Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Waste Water Treatment Light Bulb: Comparison of Energy-Saving and Incandescent Lamps Double-Deck Carriage Floor (BAHNKREIS Project) Washing Machine Hypothetical Case: A High-Capacity Glass Cable Network for Data Transmission Passenger Car Life Cycle Costs of Real Estate Conclusions Three Types of Life Cycle Costing Temporal Aspects and Discounting of LCC Results Learnings from Applied LCC Carried Out to Date State of the Art and Rules of Thumb in Carrying Out Life Cycle Costing Role of Environmental Life Cycle Costing in Sustainability Assessment, W. Klopffer Sustainability Discussion Appendices Appendix to Case Study Boxes Appendix to Chapter 4: Social Impacts Appendix to Chapter 6: Survey Form Glossary References Index
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