Oil Pollution and its Environmental Impact on the Arabian Gulf Region

About this book

Situated within the richest oil area in the world, the Arabian Gulf represents a stressed ecosystem with scarce published data and environmental studies.

The oil-related activities cause significant damages to different ecosystem components such as coral reefs, algal mats, mangrove and other habitats. In addition to the increasing potential of pollution and its adverse effect on the ecosystem, oil spills and relevant implications can severely affect the main source of desalinated water for the Gulf countries due to their limited water resources. Interest in pollution issues associated with Arabian Gulf has been growing in the last few years. These issues include identification and documentation of the major sources of oil pollution in the Gulf region, evaluation of the analytical methods used to identify the different types of pollutants, review of the recent advances in oil pollution impact treatment and prevention, develop stronger cooperation ties between interested members of the community, and encourage awareness of the oil pollution as a serious environmental problem in the region.

This book compiles recent studies addressing the above issues grouped in four categories; monitoring and characterizing oil spills, modeling the fate of pollutants and oil slicks in marine water, environmental effects of oil pollution on the ecosystem components, and combating, prevention and treatment of oil pollution.

Contents

Preface.
Acknowledgement.

Introduction.
The international oil pollution compensation funds (R. Briggs).

Monitoring and characterization oil spills.
Monitoring of coastal environment using satellite images in the United Arab Emirates (M.Y. Al-Jawdar, M. Shiobara, T. Onuma).
Oil spill detection using satellite imagery offshore in the United Arab Emirates (S. Essa et al.).
Remote sensing applications for costal marine resources management (H. Harahsheh).
Atmospheric-ocean prediction system for supporting oil spill monitoring: description and recent developments (S. Nickovic et al.).
Applications of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and microsensor techniques in oil biodegradation studies (R.M.M. Abed, S. Grötzschel).
Assessment of minimum sediment concentration for OMA formation using a Monte Carlo Model (A. Khalifa, P.S. Hill, K. Lee).

Modeling the fate of pollutants and oil slicks in marine water.
A three-dimensional simulation of pollutants transport in the Abu-Qir Bay, East Alexandria, Egypt (E. El-Hogaraty et al.).
Fate modeling of benzo(a)pyrene near a refinery outfall in the coastal water of United Arab Emirates (M. Azzam, W. Elshorbagy, M.A. Karim).
The role of oil-sediment aggregation in dispersion and biodegradation of spilled oil (A. Khalifa, P.S. Hill, K. Lee).
Modeling seawater-pore water exchange near seabeds (A. Khalili).

Environmental effects of oil pollution on the ecosystem components.
Effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on aquatic animals (M.A.Q. Khan, et al.).
Assessment of biological characteristics on coastal environment of Dubai during oil spill (14 April 2001) (S. Mustafa, M.A.H. Deshgooni).

Combating, prevention and treatment of oil pollution.
Oil pollution in the ROPME sea area - prevention, abatement, combating (H. Mohammadi).
Oxidative degradation of oil-wastewater by the application of UV-catalytic treatment technologies (T.I. Qureshi, J.H. Lee, Y.-J. Kim).

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