This report describes a two-part field study, which applied bioindicator methods in parallel. Firstly, methods were applied to 4 key 'intensive' UK sites with contrasting habitats and atmospheric N concentrations and deposition. Then, bioindicator methods identified from the intensive study were applied at the UK scale (extensive study) at 32 sites with a range of habitat types, NH3 concentrations and N deposition.
The bioindicator methods tested at the intensive sites were:
-Chemical,
-Standardised grass bioindicator,
-Ellenberg N index, and
-Epiphytic lichen frequency and species composition