All fish species recorded from within the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone surrounding the State of Hawaii and Johnston Atoll (200-nmi EEZ) are reviewed. These species are indentified as endemic, indigenous, successfully introduced, unsuccessfully introduced, waifs, questionably occuring in the region, or falsely recorded from Hawaii's waters. Fish species that have been taken near but not within the 200-nmi EEZ and whose general distributions indicate that they can be expected to occur in Hawaii's waters are also listed. Hawaiian and English common names are given for species that have either. A regional synonomy is given of scientific names that have been used for records of each species from the Hawaiian Islands.
For each species, information is given on its geographic distribution and entire depth range within the Hawaiian Archipelago, its entire geographic range, its entire depth range, and its general habitat. A bibliography on the taxonomy and biogeography of these species is included. The history of ichthyology in the Hawaiian Islands is reviewed.